Breast cancer accounts for 16% of all female cancers worldwide, and in Venezuela, it is the leading cause of death among women. Recently, the presence of high-risk genotypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) has been demonstrated in breast cancer and has been associated with histopathological features of the tumours. In Venezuela, there is no study which determines the association between the presence of HPV in breast cancer and the histopathological features. The aim of this investigation is to evaluate the presence of HPV in the different types of breast cancer, according to their molecular classification, based on the expression of ER, PR, HER2 and Ki67. With this purpose in mind, we assessed the presence of the HPV genome in 24 breast cancer samples diagnosed with infiltrating ductal carcinoma, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and lobular carcinoma, by the INNO-LIPA genotyping extra kit and the evaluation of the markers ER, PR, HER2, and Ki67 by immunohistochemistry. The viral genome was found in 41.67% of the total number of samples, 51 being the most frequent genotype with 30.77%, followed by types 18 and 33, with 23.08%, respectively. Most tumours were found in the group of luminal A, with a low range of Ki67 expression. The presence of HPV in breast tumours could affect their growth pattern and metastatic power.
Objective: To determine the risk factors according to age group, gynecological history, personal and family background, and the potential breast cancer protective factors of breast cancer patients who visited the gynecological clinic of the University Hospital of Caracas from January 2013 to December 2015 were determined. Method: Retrospective, descriptive, observational and cross-sectional studies. Result: 110 patients were female; the average age was 53 years and 3 months. The age of menarche is 12 years and 5 months. 77% were menopausal, with an average age of 48 years and 1 month, and only 5% received hormone replacement therapy. 92% were multiple pregnancies, and the first delivery age was 21 years and 5 months. Only 8% were ineffective and 33% had a history of abortion. 24% had a family history of primary or secondary breast cancer. 40% of women use hormonal contraceptives for an average of 21 months, and 72% of women breastfeed. Conclusion: Age, gender, personal and family background are consistent with international publications. In contrast, the use of oral contraceptives is not considered a risk factor, and breastfeeding is not considered a protective factor.
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