Whey proteins are known for their high nutritional value and bioactivity, notably great potential is found on α-lactalbumin. The objective of this study was to evaluate antioxidant, antiglycant and ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme)-inhibitory activity of α-lactalbumin peptides obtained from enzymatic hydrolysis with Alcalase through different hydrolysis conditions. The optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis was studied by response surface methodology variating enzyme:substrate ratio (0.0050%, 0.0525% and 0.1000% w/w) and time (0, 30 and 60 minutes) measuring antioxidant activity by ABTS and ORAC-FL (response variables), founding an augment of this activity with time. Characterization of seven samples showed increasing hydrolysis with time. Hydrolysate obtained with 0.1000% w/w and 60 minutes demonstrated higher antioxidant activity related to greater hydrolysis. This hydrolysate did not show antiglycant activity but promoted advanced glycation end products formation with methylglyoxal and glucose. In contrast, this sample showed 30% of ACE inhibition when compared to Captopril, having great potential by enhancing hydrolysis.
α-lactalbumin (α-LA) might increase its antioxidant potential after hydrolysis. In particular, low molecular weight (LMW) peptides showed greater antioxidant capacity. Different hydrolysis conditions with Alcalase enzyme were optimized with a composite central design and surface methodology. Sample obtained after 0.1% (w/w enzyme:substrate), 60 min hydrolysis, ultrafiltrated with membranes of 3 kDa (named 4 LMW), showed the greatest antioxidant values: 1.574 ± 0.060 and 1.636 ± 0.076 μmolTE/mg of protein for ABTS and ORAC-FL, respectively. Sample 4 LMW produced mild ACE inhibition capacity, 22% related to Captopril. 4 LMW was submitted to in vitro gastrointestinal conditions using α-amylase, pepsin, pancreatin and bile-extract; its antioxidant capacity was enhanced by the shorter peptides released, confirmed by SE-HPLC. Antioxidant capacity of digested 4 LMW sample (D 4 LMW) was 1.743 ± 0.086 and 2.542 ± 0.245 µmolTE/mg of protein for ABTS and ORAC-FL, respectively, showing improvement on bioaccessibility. Intestinal cells viability was higher for D 4 LMW.
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