Artículo / ARTICLE resuMen El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar las características sociodemográ-ficas de los pacientes y las características del tratamiento que influyen en la no-adherencia al tratamiento antituberculoso. Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal, en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires. Se encuestaron 38 pacientes que no adhirieron al tratamiento y 85 pacientes que adhirieron al tratamiento, diagnosticados durante el año 2007, residentes y atendidos en hospitales de municipios seleccionados. El análisis de los factores se llevó a cabo mediante regresión logística. Los resultados indican que los pacientes con viviendas sin agua, tuvieron 3 veces más probabilidad de no adherencia (OR=2,8; IC95% 1,1-6,9). Asimismo, los pacientes que realizaban los controles en un hospital tuvieron 3 veces más riesgo de no adherir que los que los realizaban en centros de atención primaria (OR=3,2; IC95% 1,1-8,9). Estos resultados permiten delinear un perfil de paciente en riesgo de no-adherencia, caracterizado por estar en condiciones de pobreza, y con dificultades de acceso a la atención de su salud.pAlABrAs clAve Tuberculosis; Tratamiento; Adhesión a la Medicación; Cooperación del Paciente; Condiciones de Vida; Atención a la Salud; Argentina.ABstrAct The aim of this study was to identify the socio-demographic characteristics of patients and the treatment characteristics that influence non-adherence to antituberculosis treatment. A transversal case-control study was carried out in the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires. Of the patients interviewed, 38 were non-adherent and 85 were adherent; all were diagnosed during 2007 and resided in and were treated in the hospitals of the selected municipalities. Factors predictive of non-adherence were assessed through logistic regression analysis. The results indicate that patients whose dwellings had no water supply were nearly 3 times more likely to be nonadherent (OR=2.8, 95%CI 1.1-6.9). Patients who had medical check-ups at hospitals were 3 times more likely to be non-adherent than those with check-ups at a primary health care center (OR=3.2, 95%CI 1.1-8.9). These results allow us to identify patients at risk of non-adherence to antituberculosis treatment as those living in poverty conditions and facing barriers to health care access.
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