The prevalence of a sedentary lifestyle, "risk of overweight," overweight, systemic arterial hypertension, and smoking in the population studied was 93.5%, 9.3%, 4.5%, 7.7%, and 2.4%, respectively.
We investigated an outbreak of exanthematous illness in Maceió by using molecular surveillance; 76% of samples tested positive for chikungunya virus. Genetic analysis of 23 newly generated genomes identified the East/Central/South African genotype, suggesting that this lineage has persisted since mid-2014 in Brazil and may spread in the Americas and beyond.
Objectives: To define the prevalence of high blood pressure in a representative sample of children and adolescents from the city of Maceió, state of Alagoas, Brazil, and to investigate the association of high blood pressure with age, sex and nutritional status.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out from May 2000 to September 2002. Individuals between 7 and 17 years of age were selected among all the 185,702 students from public and private schools. The size of the sample was defined based on the expected prevalence of hypertension for the age group. After randomization, data were collected through a questionnaire. Blood pressure was measured twice. Weight and height were also measured. High blood pressure was defined as systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure over the 95 th percentile in one or in both measures.Results: The final sample included 1,253 students (706 females). One hundred and eighteen students had high blood pressure (mean age 13 years; 44% males). Risk of being overweight and excess weight were identified, respectively, in 9.3 and 4.5% of the students. These variables were significantly associated with high blood pressure. Conclusions:The prevalence of high blood pressure was 9.4%. High blood pressure was significantly more frequent among overweight students and among those at risk for being overweight.
ResumoObjetivO. Estabelecer a prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade em crianças e adolescentes de Maceió (Alagoas, Brasil) e verificar associação destes fatores com gênero, idade e tipo de escola. MétOdOs. Estudo epidemiológico descritivo, transversal. Avaliou jovens de 7 a 17 anos de idade, sorteados das 396 escolas públicas e particulares de Maceió. Após a randomização, os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário e medidas antropométricas (Índice de Massa Corporal = peso: altura 2 ). Sobrepeso e obesidade foram definidos como Índice de Massa Corporal superior ao percentil 85 e igual ou superior ao percentil 95 para idade e sexo, respectivamente. ResultadOs. A amostra final foi constituída de 1253 estudantes (706 do gênero feminino). Identificados 116 estudantes com sobrepeso e 56 estudantes com obesidade. Houve associação significante entre obesidade e estudantes com idade de sete a nove anos quando comparados com os de 10 a 13 anos (p<0,04) e com os de 14 a 17 anos (p<0,02). Estudantes das escolas particulares apresentaram o dobro de chance de terem sobrepeso (OR=2,2; IC95%:1,36-3,32) e aproximadamente cinco vezes mais chances de apresentarem obesidade (OR=4,7; IC95%:2,32-9,34) em relação aos das escolas públicas. COnClusãO. As prevalências do sobrepeso e obesidade foram de 9,3% e 4,5% respectivamente, sendo significantemente mais elevadas em estudantes das escolas particulares. UniTeRMos Artigo Original intROduçãOA obesidade é uma doença crônica em expansão e sua prevalência vem aumentando de forma crescente em todas as faixas etárias, em todos os estratos sociais, tanto em países desenvolvidos quanto em desenvolvimento, o que a torna epidêmica em alguns países 1-3 . Estudos epidemiológicos de base populacional que investigam sobrepeso e obesidade na infância são necessários na atualidade. A prevalência de sobrepeso em crianças americanas de 6 a 11 anos é de 13,7%. Em crianças inglesas, o sobrepeso é de 25% entre aquelas de 5 a 11 anos. No Brasil, pesquisas nacionais evidenciaram que 4,8% das crianças menores de 10 anos e 4,6% entre um a quatro anos têm sobrepeso [4][5][6][7] . No Brasil, a prevalência de desnutrição em adultos e crianças tem apresentado redução importante, enquanto a obesidade vem se elevando ao longo do tempo. Estudos nacionais representativos, de 1974 a 1989, com adultos e crianças, demonstram que o país vem apresentando rápida modificação, reduzindo os problemas quanto ao déficit da oferta alimentar e passando para as repercussões patológicas do excesso dessa oferta na população, constituindo a chamada transição nutricional 7 . Inquéritos nacionais realizados nas décadas de 70, 80 e 90, no Brasil, demonstraram crescimento na prevalência de obesidade de 3,6% para 7,6% no gênero feminino, na população de quatro a cinco anos de idade. Escola privada (classe média / alta) na região Nordeste apresentou prevalências de 26,2% de sobrepeso e 8,5% de obesidade em crianças e adolescentes. Entretanto, não há informações representativas sobre o perfil nutricional da população, em qualquer faix...
Few studies, each limited to a single major city, have investigated the prevalence and seasonal patterns of different viruses among children with low respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in Northeastern Brazil. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and of 7 other viruses in children for LRTI in 4 capitals from this region, and investigate their association with several risk factors, including meteorological data.From April 2012 to March 2013, 507 children, aged up to 24 months and hospitalized with LRTI in one of the participating centers at Aracajú, Salvador, Recife, and Maceió, had a sample of nasopharyngeal aspirate collected and analyzed for the following viruses by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction followed by hybridization on low-density microarrays: RSV, influenza, parainfluenza, adenovirus, rhinovirus, metapneumovirus, bocavirus, and coronavirus.The result was positive in 66.5% of cases, RSV was the most common virus (40.2%). Except for rhinovirus (17%), all other virus had frequency rates lower than 6%. Viral coinfections were detected in 13.8% of samples. Possible related risk factors for RSV infection were low age upon entry, attendance of daycare, low gestational age, and low educational level of the father. The relative frequency of viral infections was associated with increasing temperature and decreasing humidity separately, but the results also suggested both associated with increased frequency of RSV. Some of these findings differ from those reported for other regions in Brazil and may be used to guide policies that address LRTI.
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