This study presents the experimental combustion characteristics of biomass briquettes made from agricultural wastes (coconut fiber and corn cob) of Córdoba-Colombia. For this thermochemical conversion, the actual heat transfer during the process and the main combustion characteristics are also studied. Initially, several corncob and coconut fibers briquettes were produced and burned. The non-adiabatic flame temperatures and the air velocity were measured. To study the combustion process dynamics, a process simulation was performed in EES Software© using the typical mass balances of a combustion process, and taking into account the possible stoichiometric equation, using as input the elemental analyzes of each biomass and the excess air that was determined experimentally. The exhaust gases and completeness combustion with moist air were evaluated and usual combustion parameters and correlations like energy balance, enthalpy of formation of the exhaust gases and process exergy were calculated. Likewise, the heat transfer by convection, radiation and heat flow at the gas outlet was evaluated, referenced to the process temperatures. It was found that values of non-adiabatic flame temperature were around 500 ° C, while surface and gases temperatures were between 60–81 ° C and 60 ° C respectively. In general, low emissions of harmful gases to the atmosphere were generated during the combustion of these briquettes. As well, the energy availability at the outlet can be used for moderate heating processes. These findings make these types of biomass a viable alternative to be utilized as renewable energy source.
The development of electrochemical accumulators of charge starting from biopolymer conductors of cassava starch chemically synthesized from cassava and adding plasticizers (glycerol. polyethylene glycol and glutaraldehyde) as well as lithium perchlorate in varying concentration and the addition of polypyrrole, which was prepared electrochemically by chronoamperometry. Each of these polymers is used as a polymer solid electrolyte and electrode respectively. Paratoluensulfonic acid and indigo-carmine was used as counterion. Surface response methodology was implemented in order to maximize experimental conditions for accumulators assembly (chemical compositions of biopolymers) as well as electric properties. For all compositions it shows optimal values of electric properties. Comparing desirability between chemical compositions, it showed that best conditions for assembly of electrochemical accumulator were obtained with composition 2.
This research is based on obtaining a mathematical model to determine the efficiency of generating a generator coupled to a biomass gasification process. To do this, it is initially simulated internal combustion engine at the Aspen hysys® licensed software, in order to obtain the shaft work and a representative model of the generation efficiency of the motor; according to the characteristics of the power cycle and product gas from the gasification of agricultural biomass prevailing in the Department of Córdoba – Colombia: Cotton waste (Gossypium hirsutum), Rice husk (Oryza sativa), Sesame stalk (Sesamum indicum), Corn cob (Zea mays) and Coconut fiber (Cocos nucifera). Subsequently, the generator efficiency is evaluated by the electric power generation simulation phase in the Simulink Toolbox of the MATLAB® software. The deterministic mathematical models resulting from the simulations above are adjusted by statistical techniques to experimental data and a regression model that assesses the overall system efficiency is obtained. Such efficiencies range from 16 to 20%. Therefore it is concluded that the use of representative crops biomass product’s calorific values in the Department of Córdoba -Colombia, are profitable for electric power generation. On the other hand, it is important to note that experimental data’s reliable and monitored way acquisition was performed through the SCADA developing; it allowed real time process variables’ intervention presentation.
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