Using the CD-ROM system of MEDLINE, which contains the origins of articles that are published in about 3500 international medical journals, a survey was performed of the medical publications from the six countries in the Gulf Cooperating Council (GCC) over a period of five years (1990)(1991)(1992)(1993)(1994). The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was the largest producer of publications, with approximately 400 papers each year. In the same period the output from Kuwait declined from about 200 to a lower number, an effect probably caused by the invasion. In contrast, the United Arab Emirates, and to a lesser extent the Sultanate of Oman, have shown a growth in their publication record due to the initiation of new medical schools in these two countries. In the six GCC countries, all the colleges of medicine together were responsible for 34% of the total number of publications, hospitals and health centers published 45% of all papers, while non-medical colleges and other institutions published smaller amounts (10% and 11% respectively). Ann Saudi Med 1996; 16(6):666-669. Countries, 1990Countries, -1994Countries, . 1996 16(6): 666-669 In the past several years, the growth and significance of a new medical school in Al Ain, United Arab Emirates, has been evaluated in several ways. To determine the impact of medical research in the faculty, the number of publications from individual members of faculty in international medical journals was monitored. Initial results showed that the publication output from the faculty had increased considerably in the space of four years. Furthermore, a survey of publications from all medical institutions in the Emirates showed that the Faculty of Medicine, in 1994, was responsible for the majority of medical publications from the country. Wim J.E.P. Lammers, Adnan Tahir, Profile of Medical Research Publications from the GCC2 In the ensuing discussion, questions were raised as to how this achievement compares to the publication record from neighboring countries. In order to answer that question, a survey was performed of the publication record from the countries of the Gulf Cooperating Council (GCC) for the past five years. The result shows that 1) the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is the uncontested leader in the number of medical publications from the region; 2) the invasion in Kuwait had a strong negative impact on the publication output from Kuwait; and 3). the establishment of new medical schools in the Emirates and Oman produced an increase in publications from these two countries. MethodsAs in previous surveys, 1,2 use was made of the MEDLINE® database (the computerized version of Index Medicus) installed on a CD-Plus CD-ROM system at the National Medical Library in Al Ain. Since 1988, MEDLINE has inserted the Institutional field (IN) in its bibliographic database and the OVID 3.0 search software includes the possibility of searching for this field. 3 The institution field, which contains the address of the first listed author, is word indexed, which means that every word is indexed separ...
Agro-ecosystem health is built on habitat manipulation and fertility enhancement. Similarly, plant nutrient levels altered by fertilization practices can expose crop plants to pests. In addition, diseases, weeds and other pests are principal agricultural losses all over the world. This is particularly devastating particularly in the developing nations of Sub-Saharan Africa, especially Nigeria. Reduction in these losses will not only improve agricultural production but will enhance food security and economic well-being of society. Sole use of synthetic chemicals is economically not a viable option and does not encourage environmental sustainability while land expansion is equally elusive due to urbanization and different forms of development and not environmentally friendly. The most viable and practicable option is integration of different fertility management alternatives that could produce crops on a sustainable bases while ensuring the safety and sustainability of the environment. Integrated Soil fertility Management (ISFM) has proved to be a promising approach to fertility management and sustainable environment. It could be adopted as it provides the needed nutrients for plants, reduce weeds and disease incidences while safeguarding the environment.
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