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This study was conducted to study the effects of dietary garlic powder on laying performance, egg traits and blood serum cholesterol level of quails. A total of three hundred quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) aged nine weeks were used. They were allocated to 3 dietary treatments. Each treatment comprised 5 replicates of 20 quails. The diets were supplemented with 0, 5 and 10 g/kg garlic powder. The experimental period lasted 21 weeks. The addition of garlic powder did not significantly affect body weight, egg production, feed consumption, feed efficiency, egg shell thickness, egg albumen index, egg yolk index and egg Haugh unit. Adding 5 and 10 g/kg garlic powder to the laying quail diets increased egg weight (p<0.01). Egg yolk cholesterol and blood serum cholesterol concentration were reduced with garlic powder supplementation. The results of this study demonstrated that garlic powder addition had a significant cholesterol-reducing effect in serum and egg yolk without adverse effects on performance and egg traits of laying quails.

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1. This study was to evaluate the toxic effects of aflatoxin (AF) on growth performance of quail, and to determine the preventive efficacy of MYCOTOX (oxicinol, tymol, micronised yeast). 2. One hundred and eighty 1-d-old quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) of both sexes were weighed and randomly divided into 4 experimental groups each with 5 replicates of 9 birds. 3. There were 4 dietary treatments: (1) control with 0 mg AF/kg diet and 0% MYCOTOX; (2) 0 mg AF/kg diet and 0.5% MYCOTOX; (3) 2.5 mg AF/kg diet and 0% MYCOTOX; (4) 2.5 mg AF/kg diet plus 0.5% MYCOTOX. The chicks were maintained on these treatments to 3 weeks of age. Quail consumed the diets and water ad libitum. 4. Body weight (BW) gains in groups receiving AF alone were the lowest at all periods. Feed intake was lowest in the group consuming the AF diet. The addition of MYCOTOX to the AF diet did not prevent or reduce the toxic effects of AF on feed intake at any time period. Feeding diets containing MYCOTOX alone did not change feed intake significantly. With the exception of the 1 to 7 d period, feed conversion of chicks fed the AF diet was similar to those of the other experimental groups. 5. Bursa of Fabricius weight decreased, whereas the relative weights of liver, kidney and spleen increased in quail consuming diets containing AF and AF plus MYCOTOX. Liver colour was normal in the control and MYCOTOX alone group, but was lighter in groups fed AF. 6. The results indicated that MYCOTOX was not effective in preventing the deleterious effects of AF.

The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effects of graded levels of crude glycerine addition to diets on growth and economic performance, carcass yield, organ weights and moisture levels of meat in broiler chickens. For this purpose, a total of 270 one day old male chicks (Ross 308) were randomly divided into 3 equal groups which fed with isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets with graded levels (0%, 5% and 10%, respectively) of crude glycerine. Each of experiment group was constituted by 5 subgroups with 18 birds each. The birds had ad libitum access to feed and water until termination of the experiment at d 42. Results indicated that 5% dietary crude glycerine addition improved body weight, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio compare with birds fed with basal diet at d 42 (P<0.01). Similarly, dietary 10% crude glycerine supplementation also increased growth performance and improved FCR in broiler chickens at 28 th and 42 nd days of experiment (P<0.05 and P<0.001, respectively). Moreover, birds fed with 5% dietary crude glycerine had showed over 20% higher relative economic efficiency compare than birds fed basal diet. As a conclusion, dietary crude glycerine addition improved growth and economic performance and Feed Conversion Ratio of broilers in both supplementation levels. Keywords: Broiler, Carcass, Economic efficiency, Glycerine, Growth performance Rasyona Artan Düzeylerde Ham Gliserin İlavesinin Broylerlerde Büyüme Performansına, Karkas Özelliklerine ve Ekonomik Etkinliğe Olan Etkileri ÖzetBu araştırmanın amacı, rasyona artan düzeyde ham gliserin ilavesinin broylerlerde büyüme ve ekonomik performans, karkas randımanı, iç organ ağırlıkları ve etin nem düzeyi üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesidir. Bu amaçla toplam 270 adet bir günlük yaşta erkek broyler civciv (Ross 308) her biri izokalorik ve izonitrojenik olan ve artan düzeylerde (sırasıyla %0, %5 ve %10) ham gliserin içeren yemlerle beslenen üç eş gruba ayrılmıştır. Her bir deneme grubu her biri kendi içinde 18 adet civciv içeren 5'er alt gruba ayrılmıştır. Hayvanlar denemenin sonlandığı 42. güne kadar yem ve suya ad libitum olarak ulaşmışlardır. Deneme sonunda %5 düzeyinde ham gliserin ilavesinin canlı ağırlık, canlı ağırlık artışı ve yemden yararlanma oranlarını bazal rasyonla beslenen hayvanlara göre önemli ölçüde iyileştirdiği belirlenmiştir (P<0.01). Benzer olarak rasyona %10 düzeyinde ham gliserin ilavesi denemenin 28. ve 42. günlerinde büyüme performansını arttırmış ve yemden yararlanma oranını iyileştirmiştir (sırasıyla, P<0.05 ve P<0.001). Buna ilaveten, %5 ham gliserin ile beslenen hayvanlar bazal rasyonla beslenenlere göre %20 daha yüksek göreceli ekonomik etkinlik göstermiştir. Sonuç olarak rasyona ham gliserin ilavesi, her iki düzeyde de, broylerlerde büyüme ve ekonomik etkinlik ile Yemden Yararlanma Oranı'nı iyileştirmiştir.

Özet: Bu araştırma, rasyonlarda humat (farmagülatör dryTM) ve probiyotik (proteksin™) kullanımının broylerlerde canlı ağır-lık artışı, yem tüketimi, yemden yararlanma oranı ve karkas randımanı üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araş-tırmada toplam 285 adet günlük ticari Ross PM3 erkek broyler civciv kullanılmıştır. Araştırma her biri 95 adet civcivden oluşan i kontrol, 2 deneme olmak üzere toplam 3 grup halinde yürütülmüştür. Grupların her biri 19 adet civciv içeren beş alt gruba ayrılmıştır. Birinci ve:ikirici deneme grupları rasyonlarına sırasıyla 2.5 g/kg farmagülatör dryTM ve 1.5 g/kg proteksin TMilave edilmiştir. Araş-tırma 42 gün sürdürülmüştür. Araştırma sonunda gnıplar arasında canlı ağırlık, canlı ağırlık artışı, yem tüketimi, yemden yararlanma oranı ve karkas randımanı bakımından istatistik açıdan bir farklılık görülmemiştir. Kırk iki günlük araştırma süresince kontrol, 1. ve 2. deneme gruplarında ortalama canlı ağırlık artışları sırasıyla 2152.8, 2098.1 ve 2100.8 g, bir kg canlı ağırlık artışı için tüketilen yem miktarları ise sırasıyla 1.80, 1.80 ve 1.81 kg olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, broyler rasyonlarına farmagülatör dryTM ve proteksin ™ ilavesinin canlı ağırlık artışı, yem tüketimi, yemden yararlanma oranı ve karkas randımanı üzerine olumsuz bir etkisi göz-lenmemiştir.Anahtar kelimeler: Broyler, humat, karkas randımanı, performans, probiyotikThe effeets of dietary humate and probiotic supplementation on performanee of broiler Summary: This experiment was carried out to determine the effects of the usage of humate (farmagulator dryTM) and probiotic (protexin™) in broiler rations on live weight gain, feed consumption, feed efficiency and carcass yield of broilers. A total of 285 daily Ross PM3 broiler male chicks were used in this experiment. They were divided into one control group and two treatment groups each containing 95 chicks. Each group was divided into five subgroups each containing 19 chicks. The rations of the first and secOlıd treatment groups were supplemented with 2.5 g/kg farmagulator dryTM and 1.5 g/kg protexin™, respectively. The experimental period lasted 42 days. At the end of the study there were no statistically differences among the groups in Iive weight, live weight gain, feed consumption, feed efficiency and carcass yield. Live weight gain of control group, the first and second treatment groııps were found as 2152.8, 2098.1 and 2 i00.8 g, respectively during 42 days trial period. Feed consumption per one kg live weight gain of groups during trial were determined as 1.80, 1.80 and 1.81 kg, respectively. lt is concluded that the supplementation of farmagulator dryTMand protexin™ to the rations had no adverse effects on Iive weight gain, feed consumption, feed efficiency and carcass yield of broilers.

The dry-matter (DM) intake and growth rate in male lambs were predicted from rumen degradability characteristics, rumen DM losses at different times, neutral- or acid-detergent fibre (NDF or ADF) contents and DM apparent digestibility of roughages. Four different straws consisting of wheat, barley, oat and rice were each offered ad libitum to 24 Merino male lambs with 200 glday concentrate for 4 weeks to determine DM intake and growth rate. Apparent digestibilities of the straws were measured with three Merino male sheep. Measurements were made during the last 10 days of each 20-day period. The degradation characteristics of the straws were measured by incubating samples in nylon bags for 8, 16, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h in the rumens of three Merino male sheep fitted with rumen cannulae. The exponential model p = a + b(l - er^) was fitted to the data. Potential degradabilities of DM (defined as a + b) and apparent digestibilities of DM ranged from 530 to 679 and 440 to 560 g/kg, respectively. The mean DM intake of the straws varied from 543 to 745 glday, the digestible DM intake from 236 to 417 glday and growth rate from 17 to 95 glday. Using the degradation characteristics A, B and c in a multiple regression analysis, the correlation coefficients with DM intake and growth rate were 0·79 and 0·70, respectively. NDF and ADF were related to DM intake (i = 0·65; r = 0·64) and growth rate (r = 0·55; r = 0·56). The correlation coefficient between DM apparent digestibility and DM intake was 0·76. It is concluded that the rumen degradation characteristics have potential for predicting intake of straws and growth rate in sheep.