Background:
Premedication is used prior to surgery to reduce the adverse effects that might result from general anesthesia.
Objective:
This study was performed to examine the types and utility of various pre-anesthetic agents in 100 patients aged between 3 and 60 years who were admitted to Baladrooz General Hospital for different surgical operations during February (winter) and April (spring) 2021.
Methods:
A total of 62 patients received isoflurane, and 7 patients received sevoflurane, both by inhalational administration. The other 31 subjects were administered Marcaine (bupivacaine) by spinal anesthesia.
Results:
In this study, eight types of pre-anesthetic medication were administered prior to anesthesia, as follows: hydrocortisone (35 patients), metoclopramide (25 patients), atropine (13 patients), dexamethasone (12 patients), midazolam (7 patients), morphine (3 patients), ephedrine (3 patients), and fentanyl (2 patients).
The most commonly used pre-anesthetic agent administered with isoflurane was hydrocortisone (37 patients), while the least used were fentanyl and morphine, which were administered to 3 patients each. Hydrocortisone was the premedication most often used (6 patients) with isoflurane, followed by dexamethasone, midazolam, and metoclopramide (5, 2, and 2 patients, respectively).The pre-anesthetic agent used most often with sevoflurane was hydrocortisone (6 patients), followed by dexamethasone (5 patients) and metoclopramide and midazolam (2 patients each). The premedication most commonly used with bupivacaine was metoclopramide (25 patients), while the least used was midazolam (2 patients).
Conclusion:
The study showed that several different pre-anesthetic drugs were used prior to anesthetic agents, which suggests that selection of a pre-anesthetic drug depends on the risks that might be incurred when using a specific anesthetic drug.
The present work describes a simple, reproducible, economical and rapid analytical method for the determination of Risperidone and its application in commercially available dosage form. In this respect RP-HPLC and UV/Visible Spectrophotometric methods were developed and validated for estimation of Risperidone in Pharmaceutical Formulations. In HPLC method the separation of analyte was carried by using Octadecylsilane Column C 18 (4.6mm x15 cm) and mobile phase having fixed composition of Water and Acetonitrile in the ratio of 65:35 v/v was used at pH 3.0 and at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. Detection was carried out at 275 nm. Retention time for Risperidone was found to be 5.097 min, while in spectrophotometric method the λ max of the Risperidone was determined by performingrepetitive scans of Risperidone sample solutions in the entire UV region. Only one peak was observed in all scans at wavelength of 237 nm.Standard and Sample solutions were made in 0.2 N HCl. In both the HPLC and UV/Vis. spectrophotometric methods, the mean content of Risperidone in the five different brands of tablets were within the USP limit i.e.
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