Objectives: To determine the frequency of sustained ventricular arrhythmias in Non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients. Methodology: This is a Cross sectional study was done at Chaudhry Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology, Multan Pakistan from 10th August 2018 to 9th February 2019. We included 170 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria with diagnosis of NSTEMI presented in department of cardiac emergency were selected. Informed consent was taken. The data was collected on prepared proforma. Results: In our study mean age of patients was 50.90+7.25 years. There were 139 (81.76%) male patients and 31 (18.24%) female patients. There were 58 (34.12%) patients who were having diabetes mellitus, 68 (40.0%) patient’s having hypertension, 71 (41.76%) patients were smokers, 15 (8.82%) patients were having hypercholesterolemia, and 18 (10.59%) patients who were having positive family history of coronary artery disease (CAD). Sustained ventricular arrhythmias (VA) occurred in 9 (5.29%) patients of non-STEMI. Conclusion: The incidence of Sustained ventricular arrhythmias in patients of non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) is 5.29%. The occurrence of such events remains difficult to predict. Cardiac monitoring should be done in all patients to monitor occurrence of such Sustained ventricular arrhythmias in these patients.
Amniotic fluid bathes the fetus and works as cushion, permits fetal lung growth and prevents fetus from infection. It peaks with gestational age and peaks at 32 -34 weeks of pregnancy. Amniotic fluid index is important and shares important relationship with APGAR (appearance, pulse, grimace, activity and respiration) for fetal wellbeing. Objectives: To determine the amniotic fluid index and its relationship with poor APGAR score in term pregnancy. Methods: This Descriptive study was done in department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Holy family hospital, Rawalpindi from 2nd October 2017 to 1st April 2018. We enrolled 222 patients meeting the criteria. Informed consent was taken. Results: Mean age was 30.53 ± 4.66 years. Mean gestational age was 38.95 ± 1.38 weeks. Mean parity was 2.28 ± 0.70. Mean gravidity was 2.43 ± 0.89. Amniotic fluid index was found ≤50 mm in 76 (34.23%) and >50 mm in 146 (65.77%). The babies with Apgar score <6 at 1 minute were 43 (56.58%) having mothers with AFI <50mm and 05 (3.42%) with AFI >50mm. Conclusion: This study concluded that frequency of Amniotic fluid index < 50mm in term pregnancy is quite high with higher frequency of poor APGAR score in term pregnancy with AFI < 50 mm
ACS is an imbalance between the myocardial oxygen demand and consumption of oxygen by the heart. While coronary plaque rupture, which results in STEMI, is almost always the cause of this mismatch development of thrombus blocking a coronary artery. Objective: To determine the frequency of culprit arteries in patients with inferior wall myocardial infarction (IWMI) with ST Segment depression in Lead AVR. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at Department of Adult Cardiology, NICVD, Karachi, Pakistan from November 4, 2020 to May 3, 2021. All patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled and consent was taken. All patients were initially stabilized and then were prepared for coronary angiography. Interpretation of coronary angiogram was done to assess the culprit arteries i.e. LCX, RCA. Data were collected in proforma. Results. Out of 317 patients, 233 (73.5%) were male while 84 (26.5%) were female with mean age of 51.4±12.4 years. Left circumflex coronary artery was found in 184 (58%) patients. Right coronary artery was found in 133 (42%) patients. Conclusions: This study concludes that LCX artery is more likely to be culprit in patients with inferior wall myocardial infarction and ST-segment depression in lead AVR. STEMI patients with IWMI should be worked up for the presence of culprit arteries to ensure adequate treatment
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