Abstract:The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of Attitude towards Television (ATTV) on consumers' Environmental Concern (EC) and perceived consumer effectiveness (PCE) in developing countries. The model developed for the study further shows the impact of perceived consumer effectiveness (PCE) and consumers' attitude towards green purchase (ATGP) on their green purchase intention (GPI). Data from 574 respondents were collected through an online questionnaire and the hypothesized causal relationships were tested using structure equation modeling (SEM). The findings of the study revealed that ATTV has a significant impact on consumers' PCE and EC. EC was found to have a significant impact on consumers' ATGP, while the PCE and ATGP were found to have a significant impact on GPI. This study provides an insight into the importance of the use of media to enhance the consumers' environmental concerns, perceived consumer effectiveness, and consumers' attitude towards green products which ultimately has a positive impact on green purchase intention.

Organizations today are globally facing the dilemma of inappropriate work behaviours, especially bullying, as it has long term negative effects on target employees. Workplace bullying is a major reason for work-related distress and subsequently psychological wellbeing issues for employees. The main objective of this study was to identify the effect of bullying on the psychological well-being of doctors in Karachi, Pakistan. Data from 135 doctors were collected through a structured questionnaire. Results of the study indicated that workplace bullying significantly affects the psychological well-being of employees’ and gender plays moderating effect in the relationship between workplace bullying and the psychological well-being of the doctors. The findings of the study are very important for policymakers and top management of the hospitals, to prevent the healthcare sector from the detrimental impact of this unhealthy practice and to minimize the psychological effect of bullying. This study suggests management should pay attention to designing and executing rules and policies against bullying in order to minimize the adverse results of workplace bullying. Moreover, the findings demonstrated that bullying affects create more devastating effects on female doctors than their male counterparts. Further, it was observed that skills and experience are major factors to obtain positive outcomes of employee psychological wellbeing.

The usage of green products has increased dramatically in the recent decade. The compelling reason behind this behavioral change is the consumer understanding of climate change and its negative impact on the planet. However, firms’ engagement in greenwashing is causing a detrimental impact on this green cause, and it is leading customers to disbelieve the environmental claims of the firms. This study investigates the impact of firms’ greenwashing practices on consumer green trust and green brand attachment. Moreover, it examines the intermediation factors of green perceived risk, green perceived value, green confusion, and green brand image. This study follows a quantitative research design and deductive approach. Data was collected from the home appliances consumers through an online and in-person survey questionnaire. Respondents were contacted by using the non-probability sampling technique and a sample of 330 valid responses was used to analyze the data. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was used to test the reliability of the variables and Structural Equation Modeling to test the nine hypotheses that were proposed in this study. The findings suggest that Greenwashing negatively affects Green Perceived Value (GPV) and GPV positively affects Green Trust (GT). GT showed a positive impact on Green Brand Attachment (GBA). Hence, it is proved that greenwashing may reduce the trust and Brand Attachment of the consumers with the green product. Greenwashing has a positive impact on Green Confusion and a negative impact on Green Brand Image. These findings augment the existing knowledge on the relationship between greenwashing and green brand attachment. It is suggested that if organizations want to increase consumers` green trust and green brand attachment, they must refrain from greenwashing. Green brand trust is a significant driver of the relationship-building process and organizations should strive to build it by furnishing real green values to the consumers, thus it will result in increasing the market share of the companies.

The impact of personality traits on consumer behaviour is always an important concern for marketing researchers and practitioners. Using the theoretical lens of the OCEAN model, this paper explores the personality attributes as a set of stimuli that facilitate consumers satisfactory buying experience, resulting in a higher willingness to create word of mouth (WOM). The data was collected from consumers of different services through the convenience sampling method. The respondents were approached through different online platforms and data from 303 respondents was obtained through Google forms. 19 responses were found unsuitable for further use, so the remaining 284 appropriate questionnaires were analyzed through structural equation modelling using AMOS23. The study findings suggest that willingness to create WOM has a positive relationship with customer satisfaction, while customer satisfaction can be driven by extraversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness attributes of consumers’ personalities. However, neuroticism and openness to experience showed an insignificant impact on customer satisfaction. The study findings guide marketing managers to consider the customer personality aspects mentioned in the OCEAN model to enhance customer satisfaction and try to obtain positive WOM from customers. This paper investigates the in-depth knowledge on the practicality of the OCEAN model concerning customer satisfaction coupled with customer willingness to create WOM.

This study is among the first to report findings from empirical consumer research in Pakistan. The study has examined international business competitive rivalry of Germany, Japan and South Korea from the perspective of the consumers of a neutral country, Pakistan. The research was conducted to evaluate and compare the influence of the “made in …” label on Pakistani consumers' attitudes toward the marketing mix of products from the countries. This study used verbal references to general products by using the questionnaires used by a number of earlier researchers in similar studies. The comparison of the Pakistani consumers' attitude scores toward the marketing mix was conducted using analysis of variance statistical technique, at the .05 level of significance. The results of the hypotheses testing indicated the existence of significant differences among the Pakistani consumers' country-of-origin attitudes toward the marketing mix of products from the countries. Pakistani consumers seem to have the most positive attitudinal response to the products and marketing activities of Japan. The findings of this study are expected to contribute toward the planning and execution of the marketing strategies of international business managers in Pakistan and benefit all the concerned organisations.