Rapid landuse change in an urban area is inevitable. Jakarta as the capital city of Indonesia is experiencing rapid landuse change. Jakarta is the centre of administration, economic activities, and entertainment pull people coming in to Jakarta. The dynamics of demography in Jakarta influences landuse change strongly. This research use three districts in Jakarta to see how landuse change over period of time. They are Penjaringan, Cengkareng, and Cakungsubdistrict. By combining landuse data, demographic features, and spatial data, such as satellite imagery, landuse change can be monitored and explained. The most significant landuse changes are industrial area and settlements. Both landuses are expanding. Meanwhile open spaces are decresing in size. This happens due to high demand of settlements caused by migrants coming in to work in industrial are. The result of this phenomenon is slum area in the city and lack of opened green spaces that can degrade environmental quality.
Dieng Volcanic Highland is one of the most intensive potato agricultural land in Indonesia, as well as frost disaster prone area. Frost indicated by appearance of frozen dew on the ground or vegetation surface due to cold temperatures during dry season. Frost causes damage to leaf tissue in potato plants, resulting crop failure and losses of up to tens of millions. Disaster management needs to be assess in order to achieve Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) on agricultural land. This research aims to identify frost hazard areas based on local physical characteristics, analyze frost impacts on agricultural land, and provide preparedness recommendation to reduce the impact of frost disasters in Dieng Volcanic Highland. Research was conducted in Dieng Village, Wonosobo and Dieng Kulon Village, Banjarnegara. Method to assess hazard level was performed by spatial mapping technology using ArcGIS and comprehensive analysis using frost assessment through combinations of geomorphology, land use, proximity to water bodies and weather aspects. Dieng Volcanic Highland has a 125.59 hectare frost hazard areas, as many as 58.4 hectares of hazard areas are dominated by high level, while 24.84 hectares are moderate level and 42.95 hectares are low level. Cropland dominated by potato commodity has the highest hazard level, frost incident causing agricultural commodities to wither to death so that farmers experience losses. Frost losses in Dieng have a range from 800 thousand rupiah to over 155 million rupiah and only destructive on potato farm. In order to encourage agricultural resilience and reduce the loss of frost disasters, effort of preparedness can be done by passively and actively methods. Passive methods includes site selection, early warning system, shifting commodities, cropland modification, and appropriate calendar planting. Active methods includes frost modification using heaters, blower and sprinkle irrigation, and cropland covering using mulch, plastic or nets.
Indonesia is the largest archipelago in the world with total land area is around 190 million hectares (ha), of which about 28.94 percent or some 55 million ha are agricultural land. As the world’s fourth most populous country, Indonesia’s total population is estimated to increase from about 245 million in 2013 to 288 million in 2050. This study aims to analyze the leading sectors of each province in Indonesia by Location Quotient (LQ) method and distribution of food security level in every province in Indonesia based on rice production balance. This research uses Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Indonesia and Gross Domestic Regional Product of each of the provinces in all sectors during 2010-2014 obtained through the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics. The determination of the leading sectors of each province is based on the Location Quotient (LQ) which is the comparative method of the role of an economic sector in a province to the magnitude of the economic sector's role nationally. The food security index determined by the food security calculation that done by the ministry of Agriculture Indonesia especially the Food Security Agency of Indonesia based on the assumption of the resident who can fulfill more than 90 percent of Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) is food secure category. Leading sectors in Indonesia is varies between one province to other province. Leading sectors obtained from Location Quotient (LQ) formula shows that although it is said to be an agrarian country, the LQ results indicate that not all provinces in Indonesia have the leading sector in agriculture. Leading sector in agricultural is only found in 20 provinces out of 33 provinces in Indonesia (exclude North Kalimantan). Most provinces with agricultural based have experienced economic structuring towards secondary and tertiary sectors. Provinces with the highest LQ scores in agriculture, forestry and fisheries are found only in North Sumatra, Lampung, West Kalimantan, Central Sulawesi and West Sulawesi. Provinces with LQ> 1 score for the agricultural sector indicate that the province has a high level of agricultural production so that it becomes a comparative advantage for regional development. Agriculture, forestry and fishery sector still dominates in some parts of Indonesia, especially Sumatra, Sulawesi, Maluku, Nusa Tenggara and part of Kalimantan Island but not as major economic contributor. While most provinces in Java, Bali and Papua do not have an economic advantage in the agricultural sector. Food Security Index of Indonesia mainly classified as the moderate level except for North Maluku, Papua, and West Papua in low level and Bali and West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) in high level. Factors influencing differences in food security are based on availibility and affordability factors. Availibilty factor reflects the resilience of an area in terms of food availability, while affordability factor reflects the ease of obtaining food.
<em>Kecamatan Colomadu, Kabupaten Karanganyar merupakan salah satu kawasan pinggiran atau peri urban dari Kota Surakarta. Laju pertumbuhan penduduk Kota Surakarta yang selalu meningkat mengakibatkan pemenuhan kebutuhan termpat tinggal merambat ke kawasan pinggiran kota contohnya di Kecamatan Colomadu. Kecamatan Colomadu mengalami perkembangan yang cukup pesat terutama dari segi fisik kota. Menurut data Badan Pusat Statistik (2013, 2018), Kecamatan Colomadu mengalami penurunan luas penggunaan lahan pertanian sebesar 62,52 Ha antara tahun 2012 hingga 2017. Lalu pada tahun 2012, luas lahan pertanian di Provinsi Jawa Tengah berkurang seluas 300.000 Ha akibat alih fungsi lahan dan Kecamatan Colomadu mengalami alih fungsi lahan tertinggi di Kabupaten Karanganyar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami proses perubahan penggunaan lahan pertanian menjadi perumahan di kawasan peri urban Kecamatan Colomadu. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deduktif serta teknik analisis statistik deskriptif. Penilaian setiap jawaban dari responden dihitung menggunakan rumus deskriptif persentase. Data dalam penelitian diperoleh melalui wawancara kepada warga yang telah menjual lahan pertaniannya kepada pihak pengembang atau developer. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa faktor yang mempengaruhi penjualan lahan pertanian tersebut adalah harga lahan pertanian, status lahan yang merupakan tanah warisan, besarnya kebutuhan/pengeluaran, pendapatan dari hasil pertanian dan profesi di luar sektor pertanian. Sedangkan dari sisi pemilihan lokasi perumahan, konversi lahan pertanian dipengaruhi oleh aksesibilitas, fasilitas sosial ekonomi, lingkungan dan harga lahan.</em>
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