Over the past decades, the attenuation of axial vibration due to propeller excitation has long been a complex problem due to the coupling dynamics of the propeller-shafting system. As axial vibration is often the cause of fatigue damage to the propulsion shaft components as well as the root cause to acoustical radiation along a hull of a ship, there has been continuous interest in understanding the complex dynamic characteristics of the coupled propeller-shaft system and the methods to suppress the axial vibration in the system. Therefore, several studies have been conducted to solve this vibration problem on the longitudinal axis of the marine propulsion shafting system. This paper aims to provide the theoretical foundations of this problem by reviewing the modelling techniques of this coupled dynamic problem and cover the vibration reduction strategies that are proposed by the cited studies.
The use of fossil fuels on commercial ships significantly contributes to the increase of carbon dioxide emission, and adaptation of renewable energy can help control that emission efficiently. Historically, the extraction of wind energy is found to be the best renewable energy solution for commercial ships; and recently, with renewed interest in this area, various wind energy extraction devices are proposed in the literature. This study investigates the effectiveness of one such technology, wing-sail, on a tanker ship. The NACA 4412 series is adopted to design the sail in this regard, and a fowler flap is added to aid the sail in low wind speed. ANSYS Fluent is used to carry out this CFD simulation-based study. The effects of onboard wing-sails under various apparent wind angles, wind speeds, and wing-sail orientations have been examined. The impact of wing-sail on the stability of the ship is also analyzed. It is concluded that the ship can save fuel and reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 1.8% to 2.4% while using the wing-sail with the aid of a fowler flap. Also, this combination of wing-sail with the fowler flap is found to be the best in providing extra thrust for commercial ships without significantly sacrificing its stability.
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