Since the beginning of industrial era it was clear that the goal of perfect machine is far away. Things become more complicated as the tool machinery branch developed in quite a fast way so things as using full production capacity of a machine or working with adaptive control become normal and frequent. Reaching a good precision in manufacturing was realized by strengthening the structure , with related weight growth and use of more material both generating supplementary costs. Probably the best idea was to create a structure not so rigid , that means lighter ,a structure predictable in the way it works that means predictable deformation and their direction. The big advantage of the idea is that knowing the deformation we can take corrective actions so that the final precision at the edge of the cutting tool becomes very high. The corrective action consists in a very fine and very fast movement that composed with the structure deformations makes a great precision. The solution it self-generated a new challenge consisting in the need for almost instant movement , the source of which was not conventional. The authors are proposing a “magnetostrictive” engine as a new way of generating precise correction movements.
This article presents a modern, e-learning method designed for the study of the open-end spinning machine with rotor for processing cotton fibers, blends of cotton and chemical fibers or chemical fibers cotton types. It exposes a new teaching and learning approach of the laboratory for subject Processes and Machines in Cotton Spinning Mill comprised in the academic curricula of the 3rd year students, specialization Technology and Design Textile Products. The open-end spinning machine with rotor is placed at the end of the technological flowchart for manufacturing of unconventional yarns. Within this machine, the band resulted after passing two or three drafting passages, is transformed aiming to improve the quality of the yarn. The main operations carried out in the spinning process comprise: feeding the bands, advanced opener with a opener cylinder until fiber individualization, drafting by means of air flow, twisting of the fibrous reinforcement and winding of yarn and finally wrapping the thread on the bobbin. The work is accomplished in Power Point aiming to capture the attention of the students. Besides, the transition from chapter to chapter or to additional relevant aspects within a chapter is carried out by means of hyperlinks. The kinematic and technological schemes developed on Autocad serve to calculus, kinematic and technological, and facilitate a better understanding of the functioning of the machine, part of the machine or different mechanisms. Supplementary, several images, audio and video files support the learning and understanding process. The video material derive from personal records or from processing available movies in the public space, www.youtube.com, using Adobe Premiere Pro CS6 software. For each kinematic or technological parameter to be calculated, the respective kinematic chains are identified by changing the properties of the respective entities (kind, thickness or color of gears). The paper can be accessed from the official website of the university, http://www.uav.ro/, by accessing the platform on https://core.uav.ro/ containing all the bibliographic materials uploaded for university students are. The access requires a username and password, both for teachers who publish information and for students as users.
This article presents a modern, e-learning method designed for the study of the draw frame for processing cotton fibers, blends of cotton and chemical fibers or chemical fibers cotton types. It exposes a new teaching and learning approach of the laboratory for subject Processes and Machines in Cotton Spinning Mill comprised in the academic curricula of the 3rd year students, specialization Technology and Design Textile Products and subject Processes in Spinning Mill comprised in the academic curricula of the 2nd year students, specialization Economic Industrial Engineering. The draw frame is placed after card machine or after combing preparation system for combed yarns. The role of the draw frames is to increase the uniformity of the bands through the doubling effect of the bands, when a doubling of 6 or 8 is used and to increase the quality of the bands by straightening the fibers. The work is accomplished in Power Point aiming to capture the attention of the students. Besides, the transition from chapter to chapter or to additional relevant aspects within a chapter is carried out by means of hyperlinks. The kinematic and technological schemes developed on Autocad serve to calculus, kinematic and technological, and facilitate a better understanding of the functioning of the machine, part of the machine or different mechanisms. Supplementary, several images, audio and video files support the learning and understanding process. The video material derive from personal records or from processing available movies in the public space, www.youtube.com, using Adobe Premiere Pro CS6 software. For each kinematic or technological parameter to be calculated, the respective kinematic chains are identified by changing the properties of the respective entities (kind, thickness or color of gears). The paper can be accessed from the official website of the university, http://www.uav.ro/, by accessing the platform on https://core.uav.ro/ containing all the bibliographic materials uploaded for university students are. The access requires a username and password, both for teachers who publish information and for students as users.
Nowadays, all the more we witness to a rapid technological development and the entanglement of information technology in the formation and maintenance of human connections. As a consequence, the educational system must comply with the current flows. The use of information and communications technology in education exerts a crucial function in increasing the learning process and augmenting its efficiency. Taking into account these premises, we develop a novel approach for the study of a subject of textile metrology. Laboratory practices are fundamental in teaching and learning Metrology by enabling students to acquire practical skills through measurements which allows a more thorough comprehension of the delivered content. Design of this laboratory represents a challenge from the perspective of learners and teachers as well, since it aims to address all learning styles and enhance student's motivation. The laboratory combines a face-to-face teaching and online learning in a blended learning framework, by combination of text based learning with audio-visual support. The virtual laboratory will provide an exhaustive content comprising a description of the dynamometer, measurements that can be accomplished, determined parameters for fabric tensile strength testing, sample preparation and procedures. In order to attract student's attention, the presentation is performed in Power Point. Furthermore, hyperlinks ensure the transition from unit to unit or to other significant issues within an unit. After measurements, follows the calculation and statistical - mathematical processing of the values, according to the applied standards. For the calculation of typical survey values like arithmetic average, dispersion, standard deviation, coefficients of variation, kurtosis and skewness, we use the Excel program. These obtained values will be imported into Power Point and will be compared with those provided by the device, knowing that the device has a touch screen console for control, adjustments and for displaying of measurement values.Thus, this approach can be used either to train students prior they conduct hands-on measurements or after to deep their knowledge. By using this approach, the learning process can be supported independent of the student's location and available infrastructure. The connection occurs via phone, computer etc. from the official website by accessing the university platform on https://core.uav.ro/ .
This paper presents a modern, e-learning method designed for the study of the ring spinning frame for processing cotton fibers, blends of cotton and chemical fibers or chemical fibers cotton types. It envisages a new teaching and learning approach for the laboratory of subject Processes and Machines in Cotton Spinning Mill comprised in the academic curricula of the 3rd year students, specialization Technology and Design Textile Products, by combination of text based learning with audio-visual support. The ring spinning frame is placed at the end of the technological flowchart for processing of cotton and cotton blends for manufacturing of classic yarns. Within this machine the roving resulted from the roving frame is transformed into yarn. The main operations carried out in the spinning process comprise: drawing of roving, twisting of the fibrous and winding of yarn on the pirn. The work is done in Power Point aiming to capture the attention of the students. Besides, the transition from chapter to chapter or to additional relevant aspects within a chapter is accomplished by means of hyperlinks. The kinematic and technological schemes developed on AutoCAD serve to calculus (kinematic and technological) and facilitate a better understanding of the machine functioning, part of the machine or different mechanisms. Supplementary, several images, audio and video files support the learning and understanding process. The video material derive from personal records or from processing films available in the public space, www.youtube.com, using Adobe Premiere Pro CS6 software. For each kinematic or technological parameter to be calculated, the respective kinematic chains are revealed by changing the properties of the respective entities (kind, thickness or color of gears). The paper can be accessed from the official website of the university, http://www.uav.ro/, in the platform https://core.uav.ro/ containing all the bibliographic materials uploaded for students. The access requires a username and password, both for teachers who publish information and for students as users.
The paper presents a way of teaching and learning of laboratory works in the course "Quality Control in the Textile Industry". The course "Quality Control in the Textile Industry" is addressed to students in the second year, the first semester. As case study, "Determination of the pilling and abrasion resistance proprieties, using the "Martindale apparatus" was chosen. The Martindale method, also known as the Martindale rub test, simulates natural wear of a fabric, in which the textile sample is rubbed against a standard abrasive surface with a specified force. The resistance of textile materials to abrasion as measured on a testing machine in the laboratory is generally only one of several factors contributing to wear performance or durability as experienced in the actual use of the material. Classical teaching methods are being gradually replaced by modern methods, using PC. Almost all our laboratory works are loaded on a platform that can be accessed by each student, no matter where they are. The students can access the paper on the site of our University, www.uav.ro. To enhance students' motivation and capture their attention, a PowerPoint presentation has been used that includes slides with different parts of lab work, external links, and video documents. To evaluate the resistance to pilling and abrasion of the fabrics, subjective and objective assessment methods were used. The data obtained were statistically processed and graphically represented using Excel, followed by the interpretation of the results. Based on this information, a hierarchy of materials according to their tendency to form the pilling and the abrasion resistance can be accomplished
In this paper we compared a classic technological lines and a fully automated line for the manufacturing of 100% cotton yarns. For this comparison we analyzed the complexity of classical and fully automated technological lines, the differences between the yarn structures, aspects related to the quality of textile yarns but also an analysis of production costs and benefits. The spinning mill is the first sector in the textile field, the sector in which the textile yarns are made. The quality of textile products, fabrics, knits, garments or technical articles are strictly dependent of the quality of textile yarns. The yarns are made of short fibres of cotton, wool, linen, hemp or other raw materials, with a great unevenness of the physical-mechanical characteristics, and the technological engineer must make a series of adjustments, settings of the machines so that the yarns made have a lower unevenness. This is the reason why the technological engineer must set the technological process so that the yarns are of adequate quality, have low production costs and deliver orders to the beneficiaries within the terms established by the commercial contracts concluded with them. In order to decrease the production costs, there were permanent concerns for the introduction of new automation elements, so that in the field of cotton spinning reached an extremely high level, right at the fully automated cotton spinning mill. Practical, on the technological line there are only two operators, one that supplies the technological line and one that transfers pallets with bobbins from the palletizing robot to the transport means. Practically the technological lines are composed of the same machines, but the automation elements on each machine and the aggregation systems between machines allow the almost complete elimination of the operators for service of machines. Given the complexity of the technological lines and the difference between the human resources for the two technological lines, in the first step we made a comparative calculation of the costs for the salaries of the operators and the taxes that an employer must pay. Then we made a comparative calculation of energy consumption. The comparative analysis was done for a cotton spinning mill with a production of 4000 t/year, classical yarn, 100% cotton yarn, with average fineness Nm40, made on ring spinning machines. Finally, we made a comparative study of the investment effort and the amortization of the investments made, amortizations which is reflected in the total costs and then in the delivery price of the yarns to the beneficiaries.
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