Solar absorption cycles for air conditioning systems have recently attracted much attention. They have some important advantages that aid in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In this work, design and thermo-economic analyses are presented in order to compare between two different collector types (parabolic trough and evacuated tube) by water–lithium bromide absorption systems, and to select the best operating conditions. Generally, the system consists of three major parts. The first part is the solar field for thermal power conversion. The second part is the intermediate cycle, which contains a flashing tank and pumping system. The third part is the water lithium bromide absorption chiller. A case study for a sports arena with 700–800 kW total cooling load is also presented. Results reveal that a parabolic trough collector combined with H2O–LiBr (PTC/H2O–LiBr) gives lower design aspects and minimum rates of hourly costs (USD 5.2/h), while ETC/H2O–LiBr configuration give USD 5.6/h. The H2O–LiBr thermo-economic product cost is USD 0.14/GJ. The cycle coefficient of performance COP was in the range of 0.5 to 0.9.
The main objective of this paper is to simulate solar absorption cooling systems that use ammonia mixture as a working fluid to produce cooling. In this study, we have considered different configurations based on the ammonia–water (NH3–H2O) cooling cycle depending on the solar thermal technology: Evacuated tube collectors (ETC) and parabolic trough (PTC) solar collectors. To compare the configurations we have performed the energy, exergy, and economic analysis. The effect of heat source temperature on the critical parameters such as coefficient of performance (COP) and exegetic efficiency has been investigated for each configuration. Furthermore, the required optimum area and associated cost for each collector type have been determined. The methodology is applied in a specific case study for a sports arena with a 700~800 kW total cooling load. Results reveal that (PTC/NH3-H2O)configuration gives lower design aspects and minimum rates of hourly costs (USD 11.3/h) while (ETC/NH3-H2O) configuration (USD 12.16/h). (ETC/NH3-H2O) gives lower thermo-economic product cost (USD 0.14/GJ). The cycle coefficient of performance (COP) (of 0.5).
The electrical power consumption of refrigeration equipment leads to a significant influence on the supply network, especially on the hottest days during the cooling season (and this is besides the conventional electricity problem in Iraq). The aim of this work is to investigate the energy performance of a solar-driven air-conditioning system utilizing absorption technology under climate in Baghdad, Iraq. The solar fraction and the thermal performance of the solar air-conditioning system were analyzed for various months in the cooling season. It was found that the system operating in August shows the best monthly average solar fraction (of 59.4%) and coefficient of performance (COP) (of 0.52) due to the high solar potential in this month. Moreover, the seasonal integrated collector efficiency was 54%, providing a seasonal solar fraction of 58%, and the COP of the absorption chiller was 0.44, which was in limit, as reported in the literature for similar systems. A detailed parametric analysis was carried out to evaluate the thermal performance of the system and analyses, and the effect of design variables on the solar fraction of the system during the cooling season.
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