This study aimed to reveal the effect of giving monosodium glutamate (MSG) and endophytic fungi (Trichoderma sp., Mycorrhiza, and Beauveria bassiana) to red onion (Allium ascalonicum L.) plants which predicted to increase its growth and production while decrease diseases infection without harming the environment. The experiment was designed by Factorial-Randomized Block Design. There were two factors tested in this present study: (1) MSG treatment with three dosages: 0 g L−1, 5 g L−1, and 10 g L−1; (2) endophytic fungi treatments with single or pure culture and mix-culture combinations: Trichoderma sp., Beauveria bassiana, Mycorrhiza, the combination of Trichoderma sp. and Beauveria bassiana, the combination of Trichoderma sp. and Mycorrhiza, the combination of Mycorrhiza and Beauveria bassiana, and the combination of Trichoderma sp., Beauveria bassiana, and Mycorrhiza. The parameters measured were plant growth, harvest, and disease infection intensity. The treatments did not give significant improvement to all parameters. This study concluded that Mycorrhiza treatment produced the highest rate value in red onion harvest.
Abstract. Yusuf AF, Alfiyani A, Salsabila TAS, Kusnanda PS, Hidayati IN, Daryono BS. 2023. Assessment of maturity stage and stability of new Indonesian melon cultivar ‘Melona’ based on ISSR markers and morphological characteristics. Biodiversitas 24: 308-316. Market preferences for horticultural products determine the product’s selling value and absorption. One market criterion often used for the quality of horticultural products is color and maturity level. Color differences can provide a representation of the metabolites contained in a product. This study provides a standard for assessing melons' maturity level, which will be helpful as a benchmark for Indonesian consumer acceptance. In addition, this study also provides information on the stability of the character of the new cultivar 'Melona' from several generations of crosses to obtain superior cultivars. Assessment of maturity level based on color development in 'Melona' is divided into five stages. In the first and second stage, fruit was dominated by green color with Increasing fruit volume. The color change begins in the third stage. in the third stage and the following phases, there is an increase in the accumulation of beta-carotene and characterized by the dominance of orange instead of green. Maximum ripe of ‘Melona’ is characterized by strong yellow lobes, creamy-white interlobes, and orange flesh color. A molecular analysis employing four ISSR primers (UBC-807, UBC-808, UBC-811, and UBC-824) resulted in high uniformity and low genetic variation in the hybrid and parent lines genotype. Analysis resulted a total of 42 DNA fragments with only one polymorphic DNA fragment. The polymorphic DNA fragment was 2,300 bp in size and was found in the female accession 'Melona' and the hybrid 'Melona' based on the UBC-808 primer. The numerical phenetic relationship between male, female and hybrid accession melon cultivars is very close (above 97.6%) and indicated that the melona cultivars were stable.
Melon has high demand, but most of the Indonesian farmers planted import seeds of melon which has expensive price. Hence, Indonesia should produce high-quality melon seeds. This research used three melon cultivars (Cucumis melo L.): 'Tacapa Green Black (GB)', 'Melona', and 'Meloni' which are the result of breeding in Genetic and Breeding Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, Gadjah Mada University. The purpose of this study is to describe fruit morphological characters of these melon cultivars. 'Tacapa GB' is breeding result of Testcross ♀ 'Act3 434' X F1 'PI 371795', 'Melona' is segregation from 'Luna' and 'Meloni' is breeding result of ♀ 'SL-3' X ♂ 'PI 371795'. Seeds of 'Tacapa GB', 'Melona' and 'Meloni' was planted. While harvest, these melons were measured, observed, and documented to obtain the quantity and quality of fruit characters. Data were analyzed and compared each other. The results showed 'Tacapa GB' has weight average of 3.2 kg, brix of 7-9, fruit shape's is oval, fruit color is yellow-green, and rind color is dark green. 'Melona' has weight average of 0.8 kg, brix of 7-15, fruit color is orange, having lobes, and sweet. 'Meloni' has an oval shape, fruit color is pale yellow, the weight of 1.1 kg, brix of 8-16 and fragrant.
This study aimed to determine the response of the application Trichoderma sp. and Azolla as liquid organic fertilizer on the growth and production of chili (Capsicum annuum L.) plants. The study was conducted in Panyili Village, Palakka District, Bone Regency, South Sulawesi Province, from October to December 2017. The research was conducted in the form of an experiment using a split plot design. Two levels of Trichoderma sp. application were set as main plots consisted of control and application of 4 g per plant Trichoderma asperellum. Application of Azolla as liquid fertilizer was set as sub plot with five doses, namely control, 15, 30, 45, 60, and 75 ml L−1. The results show that application of Trichoderma asperellum 4 g per plant showed the best results on the number of leaves 70 days after planting (DAP) (272.22 leaves). Azolla liquid organic fertilizer (75 ml L−1) resulted in the highest production per plot at harvest period of I-III (1.28 kg/m2), production per hectare at harvest period of I-III (4.27 tons ha−1). The interaction between Trichoderma asperellum 4 g plant−1 with a dose of Azolla liquid organic fertilizer of 75 ml L−1 showed the lowest attack intensity of aphids (10%).
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