Laser cladding, which is surface modification technology, is based on melting with a laser beam by spraying powder on the base metal and generated by depositing the layers. In this study, the Metco 42C martensitic stainless steel powder material was cladded on the FGS600-3A ductile cast iron used in sheet metal forming molds. The effect of energy input on porosity and microhardness was investigated. The digital image processing method was used for porosity analysis. The energy input had a significant effect on the pore formation. The lower energy input (1.1 kW laser power, 14 mm/s scanning speed) resulted in lower porosity. The cladding thickness varied depending on the scanning speed parameter due to affecting powder efficiency, high thickness was obtained at 6 mm/s low scanning speed. In the upper layer of the cladding, high hardness values were achieved due to the martensitic phase formation. The bottom layers of cladding had lower hardness values because of the tempering of the hard martensitic phases by subsequent cladding processes. Significant increase in hardness at cladding zone was attributed to carbon transfer from the base metal. This remarkable increase in hardness was much higher at lowest energy input (1.1 kW laser power and 14 mm/s scanning speed). However, it is clear that this will increase the risk of crack formation because of brittleness. On the other hand, at the higher energy input, this significant increase in hardness is at a lower level due to rest-austenite formation and excessive annealing with subsequent cladding processes.
Lazer dolgu kaynağı, toz malzemenin püskürtülerek bir lazer ışını yardımı ile temel malzemenin ergitilmesi prensibine dayanır; yüzey modifikasyonu yaratarak yeni bir yaklaşım sağlaması ile ön plana çıkmaktadır. UTP PLASweld Ferro55 ve UTP PLASweld 73G3 toz malzemeleri kullanılarak GGG-70L küresel grafitli dökme demir kalıp malzemesi üzerine lazer dolgu kaynağı uygulanmıştır; farklı iki toz dolgu malzemesinin kaplama kalitesi üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır, elde edilen çıktıların otomotiv sac metal şekillendirme kalıplarının tamiratında kullanılması hedeflenmiştir. Lazer gücü, ilerleme hızı, toz debisi parametreleri değişimlerinin kaynak geometrisi, mikro sertlik, çatlak ve gözenek oluşumuna etkisi incelenmiştir, Taguchi L9 ortagonal dizisi kullanılarak optimum proses parametreleri belirlenmiştir. Ferro55 malzemesi için yüksek seviye lazer gücü (1,7 kW), UTP 73G3 toz malzemesi için düşük seviye ilerleme hızı (9 mm/s) parametrelerinin kullanılması kaynak geometrisi açısından optimum sonuçlar vermektedir. Gözenek oluşumu açısından Ferro 55 malzemesi daha iyi konumda iken; UTP 73G3 malzemesinin çatlak oluşumu riski daha düşüktür. Elde edilen maksimum mikro sertlik değerleri birbirine yakındır (777,3 HV0,1).
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