Stratified sites at Jebel Faya in the Central Region of the Emirate of Sharjah provide evidence for successive 'facies' of the Neolithic period. The oldest faciesfound at FAY-NE 1yielded 14 C dates in the late ninth millennium cal BC and is characterised by blade arrowheads which are morphologically similar to PPNB points. With 14 C dates from the late eighth and early seventh millennia cal BC, a techno-complex of large flint artefacts from FAY-NE10 represents the second Neolithic facies in the area. A sheep tooth from FAY-NE10, associated to the third faciescharacterised by trihedral rodsprovides evidence for a Neolithic economy. The respective layer contains numerous small fragments of cremated human bone. It dates to around 6000 cal BC. The fourth facies corresponds to the well-known 'Arabian Bifacial Tradition' and has radiocarbon dates from just before 5000 cal BC to just after 4000 cal BC. The Final Neolithicfound at shell-middens on the coast of the Gulf of Oman is to date not represented in the interior.
Neolithic nomadism in south-east Arabia -strontium and oxygen isotope ratios in human tooth enamel from al-Buhais 18 and Umm al-Quwain 2 in the Emirates of Sharjah and Umm al-Quwain (UAE) The results are not in agreement with earlier assumptions about a Neolithic nomadism between inland regions and the southeastern coast of the Persian Gulf. Existing evidence of nomadic movements of the people from BHS18 most possibly refers to transhumance within the mountains in the hinterland. The strontium isotope measurements on human skeletons from UAQ2 on the contrary indicate uninterrupted residence of this population on the coast. Nevertheless, evidence was found of individual mobility between inland regions and the coast.
The aim of this paper is an examination of cranial fluctuating asymmetry (FA) and deformations in the prehistoric population of Mü nsingen-Rain (La Tè ne period, Switzerland). The material consists of 76 skulls. Three cases of craniosynostosis, one scaphocephalic skull with complete obliteration of the sagittal suture and two plagiocephalic skulls were identified. CT scans showed that premature closure of the frontosphenoidal suture caused these plagiocephalies. For three asymmetrically deformed skulls, differential diagnosis indicates torticollis (wry neck). Another four skulls exhibit strongly developed asymmetries of the cranium and mandible, but an aetiological diagnosis was not possible. In order to evaluate the degree of fluctuating asymmetry of the population, landmarks of the skulls were digitally measured in 3D and angle calculations were made. A reference group of 30 skulls was used for comparison.
Human skeletons were recovered in two unmarked burials blown to the surface of a dune south‐west of Jebel al‐Emeilah in the Central Region of the Sharjah Emirate (UAE). Sasanian stamp seals were found associated with one of the individuals. A bone fragment of this individual provided a direct radiocarbon date placing it in the Middle Sasanian period. With the aid of strontium isotope analysis it was possible to determine that the two individuals were immigrants to the area that is now part of the UAE.
Neolithic nomadism in south-east Arabiastrontium and oxygen isotope ratios in human tooth enamel from al-Buhais 18 and Umm al-Quwain 2 in the Emirates of Sharjah and Umm al-Quwain (UAE) Human skeletal remains from the Neolithic sites BHS18 in the interior of the Sharjah Emirate and the Neolithic shell midden UAQ2 (Umm al-Quwain) on the coast of the Persian Gulf (United Arab Emirates, UAE) were analysed for their isotope ratios of strontium ( 87 Sr/ 86 Sr) and oxygen ( 18 O/ 16 O). The results are not in agreement with earlier assumptions about a Neolithic nomadism between inland regions and the southeastern coast of the Persian Gulf. Existing evidence of nomadic movements of the people from BHS18 most possibly refers to transhumance within the mountains in the hinterland. The strontium isotope measurements on human skeletons from UAQ2 on the contrary indicate uninterrupted residence of this population on the coast. Nevertheless, evidence was found of individual mobility between inland regions and the coast.
Excavation of two of the monumental grave-buildings at Mleiha yielded human skeletal remains in the upper parts of the respective grave-fills. The fill mainly consisted of flood-sediments washed into the grave-shafts. As determined for grave 5 this happened after construction of the grave during PIR-A (14C-age = 384-233 BC) and before deposition of an intrusive burial (14C-age = 623-656 AD) of an adult, probably female individual. Micromorphological analysis of sediments around the skull in grave 5 provides evidence that the human remains were not washed into the grave-building together with the flood-sediments but buried there afterwards. Like all excavated grave-buildings at Mleiha the original grave-chambers did not contain human remains. The preservation of human bone in the upper grave-fill indicates that the absence of skeletal remains from the primary grave-context cannot be explained by natural processes
The paper describes indications for the existence of another substantial Neolithic graveyard of the fifth millennium BC besides al-Buhais 18 (BHS18) in the Central Region of the Sharjah Emirate. Archaeological explorations in 2006 recovered skeletal remains of three individuals from a primary burial. Deposition of the deceased was similar to BHS18. All three were richly adorned with different kinds of beads found in the head and neck areas. A total of 949 finds of beads from FAY-NE15 are compared to the large complex of personal adornments from BHS18. There are slight deviations that might indicate that the two graveyards were used by different groups. Implications for the relations between the groups are discussed.
Human skeletal remains of sixteen individuals found at Dibba al‐Hisn in the Emirate of Sharjah (UAE) are analysed with regard to standard anthropological criteria. They represent the poorly known pre‐Islamic period of the first centuries AD. Remains of at least fifteen individuals were recovered from a semi‐subterranean grave‐chamber together with rich archaeological grave‐goods. An additional, almost complete skeleton was found in the open area near the chamber. While the size and nature of the sample prevent demographic analyses, skeletal features studied with the help of macro‐ and microscopic as well as radiographic methods provide details on individual life histories and living conditions, as well as mortuary habits and taphonomic processes. Of special interest is a case of intentional tooth mutilation as well as two cases of skull trauma apparently caused by violent inter‐personal conflict. The results of the analysis of the faunal remains from the grave‐chamber and its surroundings are presented in an .
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