The chemical composition of the essential oil of Pituranthos chloranthus ssp. cossonianus Maire (Apiaceae) was investigated by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to reveal 54 compounds. The main constituents were myristicine (27.4%), limonene (15.8%), α-pinene (11.4%), and α-phellandrene (8.3%). The antibacterial activity of the oil was evaluated against several strains and was shown to be significant against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
The aim of this study is to identify the chemical composition and to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Chrysanthemum morifolium. The analysis and identification of essential oil which obtained by hydrodistilation method were realized by gaz chromatography and mass spectroscopy. The antibacterial activity was tested by using the agar diffusion test and the Gram positive and negative pathogenic bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Citrobacter freundii ATCC 8090, Kleibseilla pneumoniae ATCC 700603 and Shigella sonnei were used to evaluate this activity. This analysis led to the identification of 26 compounds representing 88.40 % of the total essential oil mass. The major compound was Verbenone (17.33 %). Other components present in appreciable contents were: Chrysanthenone (9.71%). 4-epi-cubedol (07.25%) and δ-Cadinol (05.29 %). Essential oil of Chrysanthemum morifolium exhibited an antibacterial effect against pathogenic bacteria, like those observed against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 (35±1.2mm) and Citrobacter freundii ATCC 8090 (21±0.87mm), however Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Kleibseilla pneumoniae ATCC 700603 were resistant. The anatomical study showed the presence of several types of trichomes including the glands secreted for essential oils and protector trichomes.
Keywords: essential oil, antibacterial activity, Chrysanthemum morifolium, anatomical study, chemical composition
The hydrodistilled oils from the aerial parts of Genista ulicina Spach. and G. vepres Pomel., which are endemic to Algeria, were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In the oil of G. ulicina, 41 compounds were identified representing 90.8% of the total oil, and in G. vepres, 61 compounds representing 84.5% of the total oil. The analyses showed that the major constituents of the oils were lauric acid (14.3%-8.5%), myristic acid (11.5%-5%), linoleic acid (3.1%-11.7%) and palmitic acid (18.6%-26.4%). Using a diffusion method, the oils showed significant antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923).
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