For the analysis of seedling growth under salinity stress, it will be useful to study root growth in comparison to shoot elongation under salt stress. In this study, we assessed the variability of eleven ecotypes of M. truncatula under salt stress (137 mM) of NaCl compared to the control. Several studies are focalised in root growth and development because it is the most sensitive part of the plant and controls rapid transmission information to other plant parts. In order to assess the level of root sensitivity, we measured the shoot length to root length ratio. The Results showed that Tru 131 ecotype, with a high ratio (Root more vigorous than shoot) is more tolerant to salinity stress than the sensitive ecotypes that had a low ratio. We consider that the most tolerant Algerian ecotype Tru 11 (Tru 131) can be cultivated in saline and semi-arid areas in Algeria and Mediterranean regions in order to improve the legumes productivity and ameliorate the nitrogen fixation.
Français. De nombreuses études ont montré une corrélation positive entre les réponses du pollen et de celles du sporophyte à un ensemble de stress. Une étude comparative de la tolérance à la salinité du gamétophyte mâle et du sporophyte au stade germination, a été effectuée sur six écotypes d’espèces annuelles du genre Medicago. A été mesuré, au stade sporophytique, le taux de germination des graines, au stade gamétophytique, le taux de germination du pollen après application d’un stress salin à différentes concentrations de NaCl (0 ; 68 ; 102 et 137 mM). L’analyse des données relatives au sporophyte et au gamétophyte montre que les six écotypes diffèrent significativement entre eux en absence et en présence de stress pour le taux de germination. Le génotype Tru 42 de l’espèce M. truncatula a montré une meilleure capacité germinative, apparaît comme le plus tolérant et le génotype Pol 248 de M. polymorpha le moins tolérant. Ces résultats montrent qu’une correspondance entre l’aptitude du sporophyte et celui du gamétophyte pour la tolérance à la salinité, existe chez Medicago, ce qui permet d’envisager la possibilité d’appliquer la sélection au stade gamétophytique, une technique rapide et économique.English. Many studies have shown a positive correlation between the responses of pollen and those of the sporophyte to a set of stress. A comparative study of the salinity tolerance of the male gametophyte and the sporophyte has been undertaken on six ecotypes of annual species of Medicago. The seed germination rate at sporophytic stage and the pollen germination rate at gametophytic stage have been assessed after stress exposition under different salt concentration of NaCl (0; 68; 102 and 137 mM). The sporophyte and the gametophyte data analysis showed that the six ecotypes differed significantly between themselves with or without stress application for the germination rate. The Tru 42 genotype of M. truncatula showed the best germinatif ability, appeared as the most tolerant and the genotype Pol 248 of M. polymorpha the least tolerant. This result showed the existence of a correspondence between sporophytic and gametophytic aptitude for salt tolerance in Medicago, this allows the possibility to apply gametophytic selection, fast and economical technique.
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