The soil in Iraq has a low load carrying or bearing capacity and high deflections or settlement because of the applied loads. The use of strip footing as a foundation to support different kinds of heavy structures has become necessary nowadays through solving such problems by using geogrid. This soil improvement technique is widely used all over the world. In this paper, the bearing capacity and settlements were calculated using finite elements and analytical models for strip footing resting on different kinds of soil. The study parameters are footing rigidity, the number of layers in a geogrid, the dimension of geogrid, and spacing of geogrid layers. According to the findings, the geogrid improved the bearing ability of the footing and reduced settlement. The optimum geogrid dimension was three times the footing width, and three geogrid layers were optimum. The changing in footing rigidity also affects the stress and settlement behavior.
The concrete prepared with Polyvinyl chloride plastics (collected from doors and windows wastes) as recycled coarse aggregates and their concrete engineering properties are studied in the laboratory in this research. The concrete blends have an expected cylinder compressive strength of 28 MPa. In this research, the concrete blends contain plasticcoarse aggregate.The ratio of this aggregate to the total aggregate volume ranges from 0 to 1. The concrete strength properties in tension and compression are greatly affected with the plastic replacement ratio. The blends density reduces with increasing replacement ratio. For low replacement ratio, the effect is practically marginal. It is not acceptable to use ACI 318 code spilt cylinder equation for plasticaggregate concrete with higher replacement ratio
Punching shear is the most important problem in flat slabs, which usually required reducing the self-weight of the slab. A lightweight concrete as well as the bubble deck technology were used to allow for lighter self-weight of the structure. This study aims to investigate the use of lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC) with the bubble deck technology in flat slab. The behavior of two- way LWAC voided slab (with and without shear reinforcement) under punching shear effect with respect to solid normal weight and solid LWAC specimen were studded. The behavior of six specimens having the same dimensions, slab thickness and flexural steel reinforcement were studded. The main changed variables were concrete type, percent of void and punching shear reinforcement existence. The results show that the load carrying capacity for light weight aggregate concrete voided slab without shear reinforcement decreased by (60%, 53%) with respect to solid normal weight and solid LWAC slabs without shear reinforcement respectively. In addition, the load carrying capacity for LWAC voided slab with shear reinforcement decrease by (67%, 47%) with respect to solid normal weight, solid LWAC slabs with shear reinforcement respectively. Also, for lightweight aggregate concrete, solid and voided slab, shear reinforcement existence did not significantly increase the slab capacity for punching shear. But cause a reduction in maximum deflection with respect to slabs without shear reinforcement.
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