No abstract

In the present study, an attempt was made to develop a low-dose controlled-release delivery system for the treatment of periodontal infections. Nylon fibres were taken as core material. The coating solution contained polyvinyl acetate and amoxycillin trihydrate. The fibres were coated five times to maximize drug loading. The coating composition was optimized and fibres were subjected to in vitro release studies. For the study, a continuous-flow-through apparatus for in situ drug release, simulating the in vivo conditions of periodontal pocket, was designed in a manner that the drug released was well above the minimum inhibitory concentration of amoxycillin trihydrate. In situ samples were further subjected to microbiological evaluation against the microorganisms which are implicated in periodontal infections. Optimized fibre was further subjected to permeation rate study using modified Franz diffusion cell. The drug-coated fibres provided sustained effect up to a period of 11 d (264 h) and followed firstorder release. The drug release followed Fickian diffusion mechanism. In situ samples revealed that the drug level at different time intervals remained above its minimum inhibitory concentration (1.5 µg/ml) for a period of 11 d. In situ release samples when subjected to microbiological evaluation against microorganisms inhibited the growth of S. aureus, S. mutans and B. cereus. Permeation rate studies through bovine cheek pouch membrane revealed that only a low level of drug permeated through the membrane and it followed zero-order permeation rate. The retentive fibres were shown to provide controlled delivery of amoxycillin trihydrate.

No abstract

The study aims to correlate infection with rubella, cytomegalovirus and abortion at different age groups. Blood samples were collected through the period between beginning of February to the end of September 2017, one hundred and twenty-seven women exposed to abortion and thirty apparently health controls. Serum samples were tested for IgM and IgG antibodies for rubella and cytomegalovirus. The results showed that CMV was the most common infection with high level of IgM antibodies (15.7%) and IgG (12.5%), only 0.7% of the cases gave positive results for rubella IgM, and 6.2% had rubella IgG while the control group only 6.6% had CMV IgM, and 3.3% had CMV IgG antibody. All the age groups did not show infection with rubella except age 25-31 years as 2.1% and 8.5% had IgM and IgG respectively. The highest rate of infection with CMV was at age group 25-31 years (21.2%) then age group 18-24 years (13.7%). Most of the patients experienced two abortions were reported at age group 25-31 years, 1.5% and 4.7% of CMV infected patient experienced 3 and 2 respectively while 1.5% of rubella infected patients had only one abortion, 18.1% of the patients with CMV experienced 2 abortions had cut off >1.25. Hundred % of the patients with rubella had cut off value of > 1.25 experienced one abortions.

The study includes the isolation of certain types of Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus spp..The sample materials (blood, wounds, burns) were collected from both genders of all age groups of inpatients in Al Jamhoree Teaching Hospital in the Mosul during June till end of November 2018. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common among the isolates with 7 isolates(38.9%) followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus scriuri Staphylococcus lentus (Staphylococcus simulans) with 2 isolates each with 11.1% followed by Staphylococcus chromogenase, Staphylococcu scapilis and  Staphylococcus xylosus with one isolate for each one 5.5%. The number of isolates was 9 isolates and 50%, followed by wound samples. The isolates were 6 isolated by 33% and the samples of burns were 3 isolates. 17% were isolated and Staphylococcus aureus was the most dominant species. The sensitivity of bacterial isolates was  studied for 15 antibiotics for different antibiotic groups. The results showed that a difference in the resistance ratio of the isolates to these antagonists, as they were resistant to the Ceftrixone, Cloxacillin 100%. The Ciprofloxacillin, Gentamycin, Pipracillin, and Amikacin resistance were  reduced. The Ciprofloxacillin antagonist was the most affected on the bacterial isolates studied, followed by the Rifampin. The results showed that the beta-lactamase enzyme was not produced by any of the Iodic methods by 4 bacterial strains, while the rest of the species varied in the susceptibility of production to the enzyme. The Iodine tube is one of the best methods to detect the production of these enzymes. The susceptibility of bacterial species to the production of large-spectrum beta-lactase enzymes was also tested using the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCL) and the double-disc method. Staphylococcus lentus, Staphylococcus capilis, Staphylococcus chromanogenes The first NCCL has shown a single isolation of Staphylococcus capilis ability to produce it