Produksi bibit Phalaenopsis Hibrid umumnya dilakukan melalui teknik kultur jaringan. Tahap selanjutnya adalah aklimatisasi plantlet di lingkungan ex-vitro. Penggunaan naungan dan tipe substrat berperan terhadap pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup plantlet selama periode awal aklimatisasi. Penelitian ini mengkaji peran naungan dan tipe substrat yang berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup plantlet Phalaenopsis Hibrid selama periode awal aklimatisasi di greenhouse. Penelitian menggunakan plantlet Phalaenopsis Hibrid dalam botol dan naungan paranet. Plantlet diberi 3 tipe substrat yaitu serabut kelapa, akar paku kadaka, sphagnum serta semua perlakuan dinaungi paranet secara bertahap. Parameter penelitian yang diukur meliputi: jumlah akar, total panjang akar, panjang daun, berat segar dan persentase kematian plantlet. Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan satu faktor dan 3 ulangan digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dan uji LSD pada taraf signifikansi 95% (P < 0,05). Penelitian dilakukan selama 5 minggu di greenhouse Jurusan Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matemetika, UNDIP. Plantlet tumbuh dan mampu bertahan hidup pada semua substrat dan naungan paranet secara bertahap. Pembentukan pori besar pada substrat serabut kelapa dan akar kadaka meningkatkan jumlah dan panjang akar. Kemampuan menjerap air tinggi pada spagnum meningkatkan berat segar plantlet. Penutupan paranet secara bertahap dan penggunaan substrat serabut kelapa, akar kadaka serta spagnum mempertahankan kelangsungan hidup plantlet selama periode awal aklimatisasi ex-vitro. Kata kunci:aklimatisasi, Phalaenopsis Hibrid, serabut kelapa, akar kadaka, sphagnum
Production of hybrid Phalaenopsis seedlings is generally applied by in vitro culture techniques. The final stage of in vitro culture is acclimatization. The acclimatization stage is crucial because the plantlets must adapt to the ex-vitro environment. Shade supports plantlet growth during the early stages of acclimatization. This study aims to determine the effect of shade level on the physiological and anatomical characteristics of the Phalaenopsis hybrid orchid at the acclimatization stage. The research used Phalaenopsis plantlet hybrid and shading level. Plantlets were shaded at 40%, 55%, and 70%. Parameters measured included: photosynthetic pigment content, number and area of leaves, number and length of roots, stomata density, size of stomata and fresh weight. This study used a completely randomized design with one factor and ten replications. Data were analyzed using the ANOVA test and LSD test at a significance level of 5% (p<0.05). The results showed the highest photosynthetic pigment content in the 55% shade, and there was a difference in the size of the stomatal guard cells between ex vitro and in vitro leaves at 40% shade. Shade level did not affect leaf growth, roots, fresh weight and stomata density. However, it affected photosynthetic pigment content and size of guard cells in the ex vitro leaves of Phalaenopsis hybrid orchids. The most optimal growth of the Phalaenopsis hybrid was at 55% shade.
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