Optimization problems in gas pipeline transportation involve numerous variables, multiple objectives and many complex linear-nonlinear equality and inequality constraints. The optimization techniques used for solving multiobjective gas transportation problems are essentially different as those for single-objective optimization. Discovering the Pareto front and non-dominated set of solutions for the nonlinear multiobjective pipeline problem obliges noteworthy registering exertion. In the present paper, for solving multiobjective gas pipeline transportation problem, a multiobjective ant colony optimization technique for pipeline optimization has been developed. The multiobjective problem considered is about minimizing fuel consumption in compressors and maximizing throughput. For validation of the technique used, it has been applied on some test problems reported in the literature. After validation, the technique has then been implemented in the gas pipeline transportation problem. An eighteen-node gas pipeline network has been taken for analysis. The result obtained supports the industrial practice of maximizing throughput at the cost of an increase in fuel consumption in compressors. The technique employed and the results obtained may be used by the pipeline operators and managers to develop strategies for improving the operating conditions of gas pipeline network.
The enormous cost of transporting oil and gas through pipelines and the operational benefits that the industry receives through optimization has incited analysts for decades to find optimization strategies that help pipeline managers operate pipeline grids with the least expense. The paper aims to minimize the pipeline grids' operating costs using an ant colony optimization strategy. The article constructs a multi-objective modeling framework for a natural gas pipeline grid based on data from the French gas pipeline network corporation 'Gaz De France,' using pipeline and compressor hydraulics. The gas pipeline grid comprises seven gas supply nodes and nineteen gas distribution centers. Seven compressor stations provided at various locations on the pipeline route raise the gas pressure. Two competing objectives of reducing fuel usage in compressors and increasing throughput at distribution centers are acknowledged to reduce the pipeline's operating cost. The 'multi-objective ant colony optimization (MOACO)' approach is implemented to the pipeline transportation model to reduce the natural gas pipeline grid's operating cost. The process variables include the amount of gas flowing through the pipe and the pressure at pipe nodes. This method provides the optimum solution for each fuel consumption level on each compressor, and it does so by producing a Pareto front for each of the nineteen gas distribution points. The blueprints of the methodology used and the findings collected intend to guide pipeline managers and select the best of the most preferred solutions.
The state of art in alternating current (AC)-induced corrosion in pipelines is reviewed. Growing pipeline networks and their co-location with high-voltage (HV) transmission networks have brought into focus the issue of induced AC corrosion on the pipeline networks. Induced AC corrosion may quickly and severely affect the integrity of pipeline networks, especially considering that a number of such pipelines are transporting huge quantities of hazardous fluids. Any breach in pipeline integrity due to AC corrosion may result in disastrous consequences. In the last 30 years, it has been established that the induced AC corrosion can affect the buried pipeline integrity severely. During operations, the resistive as well as inductive coupling with transmission lines pose a significant risk of pipeline corrosion. The literature is reviewed to put together various issues and factors responsible for AC-induced corrosion in pipelines. The various publications on induced AC corrosion are reviewed to identify characteristics of AC-induced corrosion and major factors that determine the severity and impact of AC-induced corrosion. The areas have been identified wherein scope exists for additional studies on AC corrosion.
The purpose of this paper is to predict and mitigate AC interference on buried pipeline systems due to transmission lines. Modeling and field verification of AC interference is done. The article also presents the issue of optimizing the mitigation measures. The paper uses the field data on soil resistivity, transmission line, and pipeline details to develop a model using current distribution electromagnetic interference grounding and soil structure analysis (CDEGS) software to predict the AC interference on the pipeline system. The model is validated with field measurements, and post-mitigation measures are considered. Mitigation measures are optimized to develop an economical mitigation plan. The case demonstrates the use of modeling techniques to predict and mitigate AC interference on pipelines. The field validation of modeling results helps improve the modeling results and plan optimized mitigation measures. The study requires providing comprehensive field data relevant to the pipeline system under consideration. The accuracy of the field data may have a bearing on the outcome of the study. The study enables designing and optimizing mitigation measures using modeling. Comparisons with field measurements help achieve desired pipeline system integrity against AC corrosion.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.