What are the novel findings of this work?This is the first diagnostic accuracy study comparing the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) models and Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System (O-RADS) in patients from a single gynecologic ultrasound center in North America. It compared their performance in differentiating preoperatively between benign and malignant adnexal lesions in the same cohort of patients. Both the IOTA models and O-RADS performed well, with similar sensitivity. The three IOTA models had superior specificity compared to O-RADS in differentiating between benign and malignant lesions. What are the clinical implications of this work?When the IOTA models are used to differentiate preoperatively between benign and malignant adnexal lesions, the use of magnetic resonance imaging, as recommended for O-RADS Categories 3 and 4, may be unnecessary.

Objective To evaluate a novel ultrasound measurement, the prefrontal space ratio (PFSR) ResultsThe PFSR in trisomy 21 fetuses (mean, 0.36; range, 0-0.81) was significantly lower than in euploid fetuses (mean, 1.48; range, Conclusion The PFSR appears to be a highly sensitive and specific marker of trisomy 21 in the second trimester of pregnancy.

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