It is not conclusive if the progress test can accurately distinguish between trainee seniority or assess progress over time; possible explanations for non-significant results and further avenues of enquiry are discussed.
There is growing interest in the health and environmental benefits of whole-food plant-based (WFPB) diets. The current global food system is harmful to our planet and is a key driver of climate change, pollution and biodiversity loss. A transition to WFPB diets will mitigate against these impacts and potentially reduce greenhouse gas emissions by up to 80%. Emerging evidence suggests that such diets also have significant physical and mental health benefits and can be useful in preventing and treating a range of conditions. Psychiatrists therefore have an important role to play in promoting WFPB diets among patients.
ObjectivesMental health is a key area for learning within undergraduate medical education. Given the nature of mental illness, interactions may have the potential to uniquely impact patients. This study set out to systematically review studies reporting experiences and perceptions of patients with mental illness' clinical interactions with medical students. This includes which factors encourage patients to interact with medical students, and if patients perceive negative and positive effects from these interactions.
MethodStudies reporting patient experiences of involvement in undergraduate medicineal were included. A standardized search of online databases was carried out independently by two authors and consensus reached on the inclusion of studies. Data extraction and quality assessment were also completed independently, after which a content analysis of interventions was conducted and key themes extracted. Studies were included from peerreviewed journals, in any language.
ResultsEight studies from five countries were included, totaling 1088 patients. The majority of patients regard interacting with medical students as a positive experience. Patients described feeling comfortable with medical students, and the majority believes it is important for students to "see real patients". Patients describe benefits to them as enjoyment, being involved in student education, and developing illness narrative.
ConclusionsResults suggest that most patients with mental illness want to interact with medical students, and this should be encouraged during student placements. Further research 2 however is required to understand in more depth what else can be done to improve the comfort and willingness for patients to interact with students, including barriers to this.
Declaration of interests
None
3Given that quality and safety of medical care is dependent on the education of medical students, 1 it is important to understand how patients experience the interaction with medical students. Experiential learning is an important, evidence-based part of undergraduate medical development 2 and interaction with patients remains a requirement in order that medical students learn and develop. Learning occurs by observing and reflecting on experiences, then forming abstract concepts and generalizations based on reflections, and finally testing the concepts in new situations. 3 Medical students can interact with patients at four progressive levels: passive observer, active observer, actor in rehearsal, actor in performance. 4,5 The progression through these levels occurs as students become more senior, which is imperative to an evolving sense of participation and contributing to ongoing learning and development. 5 Learning is enhanced when the student experience of participation is simultaneously challenging and supportive, 4,5,6 such as increasing independence alongside quality supervision. 6 Workplace experience including patient interaction promotes the development of professional identity, 7 as well as the skills and knowledge...
Recommendations to address this educational gap are presented. Recommendations include making time in trainees' academic programmes for formal educational activities for professionalism development, and further exploration of why some supervisors are not considered good role models for professionalism.
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