RESUMO:A aplicação do sensoriamento remoto para obtenção de dados de índices de vegetação já é muito difundida em aplicações florestais, na agricultura, nos meios de pesquisa e na obtenção da informação para análise e auxílio de campo. Informações são extraídas através de dados de reflexão espectral que permitem uma análise mais precisa da espacialização, densidade e dinâmica de diferentes classes de coberturas vegetais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi a análise multitemporal da dinâmica da cobertura vegetal na Bacia Hidrográfica do Córrego Ribeirãozinho no município de Selvíria -MS, feita em dois anos distintos (2010 e 2014) por meio de imagens dos sensores orbitais da série Landsat (5 -sensor TM e 8 -sensor OLI). Os resultados auxiliaram em uma análise da espacialização e das mudanças ocorridas na cobertura vegetal em toda extensão desta bacia hidrográfica, além da comparação nos dados obtidos por meio dos índices de NDVI e SAVI e Índice de Área Foliar (IAF) e sua influência/importância e eficácia aplicados em análise de bacias hidrográficas.
Los estudios sobre el manejo de cuencas hidrográficas con enfoque geográfico aún no están ampliamente difundidos, por lo que se presenta en este artículo una propuesta que pretende contribuir con los avances en esta temática, mediante la aplicación de las geotecnologías en el análisis del manejo integrado de la cuenca hidrográfica del arroyo Lajeado Amarelo, en Três Lagoas, estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Los resultados fueron alcanzados mediante la aplicación de un enfoque sistémico como base del manejo integrado, y por medio de una discusión teórica y técnica sobre el estudio de cuencas hidrográficas. Así, se abordó el manejo de esta cuenca a partir del análisis de las clases de uso del suelo y la evaluación de sus impactos (conforme al manejo del arroyo). También, se analizó la influencia de cada clase de uso del suelo para la conservación de la cuenca, con lo cual se realizaron propuestas para el cambio de uso del suelo y su viabilidad.Ideas destacadas: artículo de reflexión que aborda el manejo integrado de cuencas hidrográficas con un enfoque geográfico y sistémico. Se presenta una propuesta sobre las contribuciones de las geotecnologías en el caso de la cuenca del arroyo Lajeado Amarelo, en Brasil.
Several studies suggest that Cyanopsitta spixii occurs mainly in Tabebuia caraiba (Mart.) Bureau gallery woodlands of northern Bahia (Brazil). The recently creation of two Protected Areas (2018) is combining efforts to ensure the reintroduction and conservation of this Critically Endangered (Possibly Extinct in the Wild) macaw. Achieving species conservation requires the definition of priority conservation areas and habitat recovery and the Landscape Cartography can be a relevant tool for this purpose. This research aimed to verify if there is a correlation between Landscape Units map and the Spix’s macaw occurrence. Here the Protected Areas landscape is described in three main components: land cover, landforms and superficial geology and then overlapped to occurrence map of Spix’s macaw and its most similar syntopic parrot, Primolius maracana. Spatial correlation revealed a correspondence of 85.48% to Dry River Environment Landscape pattern and C. spixii occurrence, indicating the importance to prioritize fluvial Landscapes conservation, combined with conservation strategies that must include the local population, since this are important territories for their survival.
This paper deals with the classification of landscapes by means of cluster analysis, having as a theoretical basis a typology of landscapes, through the notion of zonality by L. S. Berg and the theory of geosystems by V. B. Sochava. Firstly landscape mapping was performed using geoprocessing techniques resulting in 272 landscape units for the municipality of Mineiros (Goiás State, Brazil). This units were defined by union of different elements of morphostructures, lithology, landforms, altitude, slope degree, drainage density, soils and land use. The objective of this work is to compare different forms of grouping to establish the typology of landscapes using an upscaling/bottom-up approach. The similarity coefficient Jaccard, Euclidean Distance metric and k-means algorithm were evaluated. Even though the field validations and statistical tests point to a different scenario, it was considered that the Jaccard and Euclidean Distance metrics presented satisfactory scenarios for the representation of the landscapes. The grouping was important in the optimization of processes, although there is a need to differentiate between statistical and spatial significance. Therefore, the relevance of this technique is in the collaboration to group and redefine a large amount of information that, by means of manual analysis and spatial regrouping, would present excessive delay.
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