AbstrakPenelitian dimulai dari bulan Januari -Mei 2011 bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara faktor oseanogrfi dan hasil tangkapan yellowfin tuna di perairan laut Banda. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis dengan menggunakan regresi linier berganda untuk melihat pengaruh parameter oseanografi secara bersama-sama dan secara individual terhadap hasil tangkapan yellowfin tuna. Hasil analisis regresi berganda diketahui bahwa dari lima parameter oseanografi secara bersama-sama berpengaruh nyata terhadap hasil tangkapan yellowfin tuna ini dapat dilihat pada hasil Uji F dengan nilai signifikansi 0.000 < 0.01, dan F hitung lebih besar dari F tabel (8.23 > 2.44), Hasil uji t menunjukan bahwa secara individual terdapat tiga dari lima faktor Oseanografi yang berpengaruh nyata terhadap hasil tangkapan ikan yellowfin tuna, diantaranya suhu permukaan laut (SPL), kedalaman dan kecepatan arus.
Large pelagic fish (LPF hereafter) is an important group of fishes targeted by local fishermen in the Indonesian Fisheries Management Area-713 (IFMA-713). This IFMA includes the Makassar Strait, Flores Sea, Bali Sea, and Gulf of Bone. The objective of this study was to identify the preferred oceanographic conditions based on LPF fishing grounds in the study area. The experimental fishing was conducted from April to September 2018 by using local commercial fisheries (pole and line and purse seine). The fishing base of pole and line vessels operating in the Gulf of Bone was at Murante fish landing site, Luwu Regency, South Sulawesi. On the other hand, the fishing base of purse seine vessels operating in the Makassar Strait was at Siddo fish landing site, Barru Regency, also in South Sulawesi. Oceanographic factors such as sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface chlorophyll-a (SSC) concentration, and depth were derived from satellite data. The LPF fishing grounds were analysed and visualize using Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques. Based on the results, LPF distributions tended to be the highest in specific oceanographic conditions, including SST of 30.0 - 31.0 °C and SSC of 0.20 - 0.30 mg.m−3. They were mostly found in nearshore and offshore areas (maximum depth of about 2,000 m). The selected oceanographic factors played an important role in explaining the LPF fishing grounds. This information could be used for spatial prediction of potential LPF fishing zones in relation to the fish distribution and abundance during the Southeast monsoon in the IFMA-713.
<p><em>The skipjack is one of important fishery commodities in Gulf of Bone waters, exploited by fishermen through the year using kinds of fishing gears such as pole and line, purse seine, traditional seine net, hand line, and predicted that some of these technologies were not sustainable. The objective of research was to analysis sustanaibility or environmental friendly of fishing technology of skipjack in Gulf of Bone waters, and has been done for six months, from January to June, 2017. Biology data of catch, fishing technic, and social economic of fishing unit of pole and line, purse seine, traditional seine net and hand line was collected directely by survey method. The sustainability or environmental friendly of fishing technologies be analyzed using 14 biology, technic, economic and social (Arimoto modified by Mallawa). Result that pole and line reach 76.88 % of sustainability value, pole and line operated in FAD 51.50 %, purse seine 51.25 %, purse seine with FAD 48.75 %, traditional seine net 48.13 $ and hand line 68.18 %. Low sustainability of fishing technologies caused by small size dominantly in catch, percentage of catch suitable length, investment, income, number of labour dan fuell used, and protected organism in catch. </em><em></em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><em> Sustainability, fishing technology, Skipjack</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p class="Abstrakisi">Ikan cakalang merupakan komoditas perikanan penting di perairan Teluk Bone. Ikan cakalang merupakan salah satu ikan target yang dieksploitasi nelayan sepanjang tahun menggunakan berbagai jenis teknologi penangkapan ikan seperti huhate (<em>pole and line</em>), pukat cincin (<em>purse seine</em>), payang (<em>traditional seine net</em>), pancing tangan (<em>hand line</em>) dan diduga ada diantara teknologi tersebut tidak berkelanjutan. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis keberlanjutan/keramahan lingkungan teknologi penangkapan ikan cakalang di perairan Teluk Bone, selama enam bulan (Januari - Juni 2017). Data biologi hasil tangkapan, teknis alat tangkap dan sosial ekonomi usaha penangkapan huhate, pukat cincin, payang, dan pancing tangan dikumpulkan secara langsung menggunakan metode survei. Keberlanjutan/keramahan lingkungan teknologi penangkapan ikan dianalisis menggunakan 14 kriteria sesuai metode Arimoto modifikasi Mallawa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa huhate rumpon mencapai nilai keberlanjutan 57,50 %, huhate tanpa rumpon 76,88 %, pukat cincin 51,25 %, pukat cincin rumpon 48,75 %, payang 48,13 % dan pancing tangan 68,13 %. Rendahnya tingkat keberlanjutan teknologi penangkapan disebabkan oleh dominannya ikan ukuran kecil dan rendahnya ikan ukuran layak tangkap, nilai investasi, tingkat pendapatan, penggunaan tenaga kerja dan BBM dan tertangkapnya biota laut yang dilindungi.</p><p class="TubuhTulisanAll"><strong>Kata kunci:</strong> Keberlanjutan, teknologi penangkapan, ikan cakalang.</p>
─The declining trend of Yellowfin Tuna Thunnus albacares production in Fishery Management Territory of Indonesia 714 nowadays will affect the demand for tuna products in Indonesia and global. Regarding the management purposes, the impact of fishing needs to be minimized. Therefore, the estimation of population structure based on the length and age is very important to be studied. The data were collected from November 2015 to October 2016 from longline and handline catching activities operated in the Banda Sea. The average length of yellowfin tuna caught with longline and handline was 98.5 cm and the first length maturity was Lm 103.6 cm. The result showed that the first yellowfin tuna caught was Lc_opt 125.2 cm, where fishing mortality ratio toward natural mortality was at the level that endangered the sustainability of yellowfin tuna fisheries in the Banda Sea . To minimize the impact, there needs to be a minimum size regulation of yellowfin tuna that should be landed.
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