The existence of judges has been positioned as a fundamental and influential instrument for law enforcement in Indonesia. The role of judges in examining, adjudicating and even deciding cases actually relies on ethics and morality which have been fully outlined by the Law and other derivative regulations. This study aims to unravel the ethical ideals of judges from a juridical perspective, the reality of ethical problems of judges and strategies to strengthen judges in Indonesia. This type of research uses library research or library research through a review of relevant library materials. The results of the study show that the scope of judge ethics includes personality ethics, ethics in carrying out their duties, ethics for colleagues or fellow judges and ethics towards society or seekers of justice which as a whole are intended as a means of progress and personality formation, as a means of social control, and as a guarantee increase in the morality of judges. Despite the fact, the ethics and morality of judges are faced with problems stemming from the weaknesses in the personality of judges internally and the tension and ineffectiveness of the supervisory system externally. Therefore, the realization of a strong oversight policy by involving the Supreme Court as internal oversight and the Judicial Commission as external oversight is a strategic answer to overcoming the decline in the integrity and morality of judges, and is supported by constructive efforts such as strengthening the essential performance of the Honorary Panel of Judges in examining and deciding alleged violations of the code of ethics, stimulated the performance of the liaison team and judge supervisory assistants, strengthened strict sanctions in line with reward and punishment policies and built responsive legal values and culture.
This article aims to reveal the optimization of option rights in realizing or stopping e-commerce transactions to achieve justice due to several problems in e-commerce transactions, including no meeting of two people who transact and no goods at that time. The results of the study reveal that the component of option rights (khiyar) focuses on an option due to damage/defect, where the damage can harm or oppress the parties, and the right to vote is a preventive alternative so that the parties feel comfortable and justice is realized in every transaction. Likewise, in the maqashid al sharia analysis, option rights (khiyar) have a very strategic role in maintaining the interests, transparency, benefit, and willingness of both parties to conduct transactions and protect them from harm and loss for all parties. This shows concern for justice in transactions as an effort for the common good to protect the rights of the parties. Strengthening regulations through laws and regulations needs to be carried out as a preventive effort to prevent acts of bad faith by one of the parties to provide a sense of security in transactions between the parties.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan konsepsi perlindungan hukum Islam terhadap kehamilan, menggali esensi perlindungan hukum Islam terhadap kehamilan dan menganalisis bentuk-bentuk perlindungan hukum Islam terhadap kehamilan tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan normatif, pendekatan sosiologis dan pendekatan filosofis. Hasil penelitian dalam kajian ini ada tiga. Pertama, perlindungan terhadap kehamilan belum sesuai dengan makna hukum keluarga Islam. Kedua, perlindungan terhadap kehamilan belum berlandaskan pada penjagaan jiwa. Ketiga, penerapan terhadap prinsip-prinsip perlindugan hukum Islam terhadap kehamilan belum sesuai dengan konsepsi hukum keluarga Islam. Kesimpulan penelitian ini antara lain adalah konsepsi perlindungan hukum Islam berlandaskan pada makna menjaga atau memelihara, dengan demikian perlindungan terhadap kehamilan menekankan pada aspek penjagaan dan pemeliharaan kehamilan tersebut. Esensi perlindungan hukum Islam terhadap kehamilan adalah menekankan pada aspek penjagaan jiwa seorang wanita dengan memelihara kemaslahatan diri wanita ketika ia hamil. Prinsip-prinsip perlindungan hukum Islam terhadap kehamilan antara lain adalah prinsip perlindungan terhadap Jiwa/Hifzu al-Nafsi, prinsip perencanaan kehamilan dan prinsip perlindungan terhadap kehormatan.
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