We present a combined experimental and theoretical study on electronic and magnetic properties of the Fe͑001͒-p͑1 ϫ 1͒O surface. The ordered p͑1 ϫ 1͒ surface is investigated with spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy accompanied by first-principles calculations. The atomic registry of the Fe͑001͒-p͑1 ϫ 1͒O surface was confirmed in real space from the atomically resolved images. Tunneling spectroscopy reveals two oxygen induced features in the local density of states, around −0.7 eV and at the Fermi level, the origin of which is discussed based on first-principles calculations. Due to the hybridization of oxygen p z states with the Fe states near the Fermi level, the spin polarization in tunneling experiments is inverted upon oxygen adsorption.
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