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A new physics-based rainfall-runoff method of SWAT was developed, which integrates a water balance model (WB proposed by White et al. (2011)) with the variable source area (WB-VSA). This approach was further compared with four methods -soil-water-dependent curve number (CN-Soil), evaporation-dependent curve number (CN-ET), Green and Ampt equation (G&A) and WB -in a monsoonal watershed, Eastern China. The regional sensitivity analysis shows that volumetric efficiency coefficient (VE) with river discharges is sensitive to the most Downloaded by [New York University] at 06:36 01 August 2015A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 2 parameters of all approaches. Results of model calibration against VE demonstrate that WB-VSA is the most accurate owing to reflection of the spatial variation of runoff generation affected by topography and soil properties. Other methods can also well mimic baseflow, but G&A and CN-ET simulate floods much worse than the saturation excess runoff approaches (WB-VSA, WB and CN-Soil). Meanwhile, CN-Soil as an empirical method fails to simulate groundwater levels.By contrast, WB-VSA captures them best.

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