Background A normal spine plays an important role in many human functions. The spine abnormally curved may include back pain, reducing mobility and stability. So, measuring the degree of spinal curvature and correcting them is very important. Aims The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of 10 weeks of Pilates exercises on the thoracic and lumbar curvatures of female college students residing in dorms. Methods In this study experimental and applied 15 female students of University dormitories with hyperkyphosis and hyperlordosis were selected in an available samples manner. Spine Curvatures of volunteer students after completing the consent form and inclusion criteria were measured using a flexible ruler. From T 2 to T 12 vertebrae to determine thoracic deviation and from T 12 and S 2 vertebrae to determination of lumbar deflection was used. Pilates exercises duration 10 weeks 2 sessions per week and 1.5 h per session for abnormalities of hyperkyphosis and hyperlordosis were performed. Fifteen students participated in all of the Pilates training sessions. ResultsThe mean of students' thoracic and lumbar angles were 49.31 and 52.96 respectively. The results of Pilates exercises showed that on average 13.68 degrees of hyperkyphosis and 10.79 degrees of hyperlordosis were improved in students. Weight, height, and body mass index were effective factors on the thoracic or lumbar spine abnormalities. Conclusions Pilates practice based on the scientific principles of therapeutic planning can be effectively used to correct kyphosis and lordosis malformations of female students.
Purpose: Sub-acromial impingement syndrome (SAIS) is one of the most common causes of shoulder pain and affects shoulder joint proprioception. The closed kinetic chain (CKC) exercises with sling are more effective and safer than open kinetic chain (OKC) exercises. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of OKC and total-body resistance exercises (TRX) sling training on shoulder joint position sense (JPS) in overhead athletes with shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS). Methods: This article was a randomized control trial (RCT) study conducted in Kerman City, Iran, in 2019. The research sample included 33 overhead athletes with SIS who were randomly classified into three groups: OKC, sling, and control groups. Joint position sense (JPS) was evaluated in external rotation (ER), internal rotation (IR), and abduction of the dominant arm in the target angle concerning the shoulder range of motion with the Leighton flexometer. The obtained data were analyzed using the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Results: The post-intervention results showed that a significant difference was observed between groups (ER, P<0.001; IR, P<0.001; abduction P<0.001). The change in the sling exercises group was significantly higher in ER, and IR, except abduction JPS than in OKC (P=0.001, P=0.001, P=0.235, respectively) and control groups (P<0.001, P<0.001, P<0.001, respectively). Change in the OKC group was significantly higher in ER, IR, and abduction JPS (P=0.001, P=0.019, P<0.001, respectively) than in the control group. The OKC and sling exercise improved the shoulder JPS of overhead athletes with SIS. Conclusion: The study results showed that the sling exercises were more effective than the OKC exercise for the shoulder JPS because these exercises were CKC and performed on an unstable level.
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