Objectives: The current study aimed to determine the prevalence of Renal Osteodystrophy (ROD) and its related factors in a group consisting of End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Methods: One hundred twenty –eight ESRD patients (52 men & 76 women) with a mean age of 59.3 years old undergoing maintenance hemodialysis at Imam Reza Referral Hospital, were included in this cross-sectional study. Thereafter, serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were measured, and the range of 150 to 300 pg/mL was determined as the desirable range for the values. Values lower or higher than this range were used to determine ROD. Furthermore, this study investigated the association of ROD with clinical and laboratory variables (age at the onset of renal failure, hemodialysis sessions per week, clinical symptoms associated with renal osteodystrophy, and serum calcium and phosphate levels). Results: ROD was diagnosed in 93 patients (72.7%) out of 128 patients studied. Of them, 53 (41.4%) patients had PTH levels above 300 pg/mL (high bone turnover, HTO group) and 40 patients (31.3%) had PTH levels below 150 pg/mL (low bone turnover, LTO group). No statistically significant difference was detected in terms of ROD-related clinical findings (P=0.11), age at the time of ESRD diagnosis (P=0.2), and number of hemodialysis sessions per week (P=0.2). Hyperphosphatemia (52 patients, 57.1%) was more prevalent in ROD group compared with 11 patients (31.4%) included in the group without ROD (P=0.004). Conclusion: The prevalence rate of ROD in this study was found to be significant, and it was largely consistent with the rate reported in the research previously performed in some Asian countries. Hyperphosphatemia were laboratory variables closely related to ROD.
Renal oncocytoma is a rare benign tumor. Bilateral and multifocal renal oncocytoma has rarely been described in childhood. We report a 12-year-old girl who presented with massive left renomegaly and who was found to have bilateral cystic kidneys. A left nephrectomy was undertaken because of the renal enlargement, the radiological evidence of extensive disease, and to make a diagnosis. A diagnosis of multifocal oncocytoma was made after detailed histological examination.
Background: Topical Corticosteroids have been ordered in Medical practice by many doctors for Various Skin diseases but prolong use of these Medication causes Systemic adverse effects including Cushing Syndrome. Iatrogenic Cushing Syndrome may occur with over use of potent topical steroids mostly due to Diaper dermatitis. Case report:We report a 3 month old female infant who developed Cushing Syndrome after diaper dermatitis treatment through misuse of Clobetasol without doctor's Prescription. After diagnosis, the application of this topical corticosteroid was stopped and physiologic dose of prednisolon was prescribed to prevent an adrenal crisis for 2 months.Conclusions: Continuous use of moderate to high potency topical corticosteroids over several months can contribute to cushing's syndrome. So parents must be informed by physicians about the adverse effect of steroids and they should be avoided in very young infant.
Introduction Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a common urologic anomaly in children. Many techniques have been offered to manage this condition, in which one of them is modified Gil-Vernet antireflux surgery. The study fullfiled to evaluate the efficacy and safety of modified Gil-Vernet antireflux surgery in correction of high-grade VUR. Materials and Methods A retrospective study in which we evaluated efficacy, safety, and complications of modified Gil-Vernet antireflux surgery as a choice procedure for high-grade reflux in all patients who underwent it since 2000 to 2016 at 2 hospitals of Kermanshah University of medical sciences that all of them were done by one surgeon. Results 183 patients with 290 high-grade refluxing units (grade IV or V) were reviewed. 182 refluxing units were grade IV, and 108 units were grade V. There were 76 (41.54%) patients with unilateral and 107 (58.46%) patients with bilateral VUR. Reflux in high-grade group corrected completely in 278 (95.86%) refluxing units and 175 patients (95.62%). Conclusions Our results are remarkable and compatible with other techniques' results. This simple and safe technique can correct bilateral VURs simultaneously; thus, it is rational to be considered for high-grade VUR correction. According to our results, we suggest the modified Gil-Vernet antireflux procedure for high-grade VUR correction as a simple, safe, and successful technique. This trial is registered with 67145/86/1233.
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