The bean weevil (Acanthoscelides obtectus Say) is an aggressive post‐harvest pest of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) and Bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV) are important seedborne diseases of dry bean in the Americas and Africa. The development of bean lines that combine resistance to BCMV, BCMNV, and bean weevils can help to reduce yield loss during the growing season and avoid seed damage during storage. AO‐1012‐29‐3‐3A, (Reg. No. GP‐299, PI 675563) is a multiple virus and bean weevil‐resistant bean germplasm line adapted to the humid tropics; it was developed and released cooperatively in 2015 by Sokoine University of Agriculture, Oregon State University, the USDA‐ARS, and the University of Puerto Rico. AO‐1012‐29‐3‐3A has a determinate growth habit and a dark red kidney seed type similar to the cultivar Rojo, which is commercially acceptable in Tanzania. AO‐1012‐29‐3‐3A possesses the I and bc‐12 genes that confer resistance to BCMV and BCMNV. AO‐1012‐29‐3‐3A produced a mean seed yield similar to the checks USLK‐1 and ‘Badillo’ in three trials planted in Puerto Rico. Seed of AO‐1012‐29‐3‐3A had greater levels of threonine, proline, analine, valine, lysine, methionine, and crude protein compared with the check cultivar Badillo. AO‐1012‐29‐3‐3A should serve as a useful source of resistance to the bean weevil, BCMV, and some pathogroups of BCMNV.
Introduction. Common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Central America and the Caribbean are often produced on low fertility soils which reduces crop yield. Bean breeding programs need to identify genotypes that have superior adaptation to these conditions. Objective. Identify Mesoamerican bean germplasm lines with superior adaptation to low soil fertility. Materials and methods. The performance of twenty-seven Mesoamerican bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) lines from the Bean Abiotic Stress Evaluation (BASE) 120 panel were evaluated in an unfertilized oxisol at Isabela, Puerto Rico over five growing seasons (four-year period from 2015-2018). The lines were inoculated with a mixture of Rhizobium etli and R. tropici to promote symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF). Results. Four lines produced mean seed yields >1,200 kg ha-1 and had estimates of nitrogen derived from the atmosphere (NDFA) >50 %. Greater nodule number was positively correlated with % NDFA, later maturity and seed yield. The heat and drought tolerant small red cultivar ‘Rojo Chortí’ and the heat tolerant white cultivar ‘Verano’ had among the smallest apparent C isotope discrimination values suggesting greater water use efficiency. Among the elite lines in the trial, root rot damage was minimal and the basal root growth angles were intermediate (40-60 %), which favored the uptake of water and soil nutrients. Conclusion. Mesoamerican bean lines with superior seed yield and enhanced symbiotic nitrogen fixation in a low fertility soil were identified. Many of these lines also possess resistance to other biotic and abiotic factors that limit bean seed yield in Central America and the Caribbean.
RELEASE OF PR0968-1-1 AND PR0968-16-2 FORAGE SOYBEAN GERMPLASM LINES
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