Bu çalışmada Osmanlı Devleti’nin belirli bir tarih kesitindeki kadın mahkumların firar, af örnekleri ve hapishane süreçleri ele alınmıştır. Bu bağlamda, kadın hapishanelerinin ortaya çıkışı ve genel durumu, bu kurumlarda yaşanan firar olaylarının sebepleri ve bunlara ne gibi önlemler alındığı incelenmiştir. Hapishanelerin genel durumunun yanında kadın mahkumların af talepleri araştırılmış, bu taleplere verilen cevaplar irdelenmiştir. Kaynak olarak öncelikle Osmanlı Arşivi’nde bulunan firar ve af belgeleri incelenerek kadın mahkumlara özel olarak çıkarılan aflar ve firar olayları derlenmiş; ayrıca konuya yönelik daha önce yapılmış olan akademik literatür incelenmiştir.
The Second World War had significant economic and political results for Turkey and the rest of the world. After 1945, Turkey abandoned the one-party system of government, switched to a multi-party-political system, and started to liberalize in the economic and political fields. In this process, adversaries occurred within the Republican People’s Party, the nation’s founding party, to reconstruct Turkey’s political system. Accordingly, the opponent groups formed new parties, first the Democratic Party and then the Nation Party. In this period, religion-state relations was reshaped in the light of new paradigms, and the strict secularism mentality adopted by the Republican regime was questioned. These shifts affected the discourses of political parties so that each party repositioned itself towards religion. This study aims to discuss the policies of the Nation Party, which has developed new and original discourses in the context of religion-state relations and secularism. It also reveals the points where it differs from the other two parties. The issue of the study is related to an early period of multi-party system in Turkey. Therefore, analyzing the policies of the Nation Party, which was able to offer very liberal and radical proposals at such an earlier period, around the debates in the Turkish Grand National Assembly, will make significant contributions to Turkish political history.
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