Background
The availability of various types of COVID-19 vaccines and diverse characteristics of the vaccines present a dilemma in vaccination choices, which may result in individuals refusing a particular COVID-19 vaccine offered, hence presenting a threat to immunisation coverage and reaching herd immunity. The study aimed to assess global COVID-19 vaccination intention, vaccine characteristics influencing vaccination acceptance and desirable vaccine characteristics influencing the choice of vaccines.
Methods
An anonymous cross-sectional survey was conducted between 4 January and 5 March 2021 in 17 countries worldwide. Proportions and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and vaccine characteristics influencing vaccination acceptance were generated and compared across countries and regions. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.
Results
Of the 19,714 responses received, 90.4% (95% CI 81.8–95.3) reported likely or extremely likely to receive COVID-19 vaccine. A high proportion of likely or extremely likely to receive the COVID-19 vaccine was reported in Australia (96.4%), China (95.3%) and Norway (95.3%), while a high proportion reported being unlikely or extremely unlikely to receive the vaccine in Japan (34.6%), the U.S. (29.4%) and Iran (27.9%). Males, those with a lower educational level and those of older age expressed a higher level of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Less than two-thirds (59.7%; 95% CI 58.4–61.0) reported only being willing to accept a vaccine with an effectiveness of more than 90%, and 74.5% (95% CI 73.4–75.5) said they would accept a COVID-19 vaccine with minor adverse reactions. A total of 21.0% (95% CI 20.0–22.0) reported not accepting an mRNA vaccine and 51.8% (95% CI 50.3–53.1) reported that they would only accept a COVID-19 vaccine from a specific country‐of‐origin. Countries from the Southeast Asia region reported the highest proportion of not accepting mRNA technology. The highest proportion from Europe and the Americas would only accept a vaccine produced by certain countries. The foremost important vaccine characteristic influencing vaccine choice is adverse reactions (40.6%; 95% CI 39.3–41.9) of a vaccine and effectiveness threshold (35.1%; 95% CI 33.9–36.4).
Conclusions
The inter-regional and individual country disparities in COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy highlight the importance of designing an efficient plan for the delivery of interventions dynamically tailored to the local population.
Graphic Abstract
Owing to increased epidemic activity and difficulties in controlling the insect vector, dengue has become a major public health problem globally. The prevention and control of dengue rely mainly on vector control methods. A systematic review was conducted using four databases (PubMed, Cochrane, Google Scholar and Scopus) and a manual search of the reference lists of the identified studies. Data from included studies were extracted, analyzed. Applying all inclusion and exclusion criteria 23 articles was included. Further relevant articles using this keywords Aedes dengue breeding habits housing and community intervention were selected. Eight studies combined community participation programme with dengue control tools. Findings of the published literature indicate that at baseline, almost half the respondents did not know that dengue is serious but preventable, or that it is transmitted by mosquitoes. The analysis showed that dengue vector control is carried out by vertically structured programmes of national, state, and local administrative bodies through fogging and larval control, without any involvement of community-based organizations, and that vector control efforts were conducted in an isolated and irregular way. The most productive container types for Aedes pupae were cement tanks, drums, and discarded containers. Evidence that community-based dengue control programmes alone and in combination with other control activities can enhance the effectiveness of dengue control programmes is weak. This review demonstrates a paucity of reliable evidence for the effectiveness of any dengue vector control method. Standardized studies of higher quality to evaluate and compare methods must be prioritized to optimize cost-effective dengue prevention. Clear best practice guidelines for the methodology of entomological studies should be developed.
In this study, a video-based teaching program was used to assess the knowledge of young mothers in identifying developmental milestones. The purpose of this study was (1) to assess the effectiveness of video-based program, (2) to assess the knowledge of young mothers in identifying developmental milestones. Methods. Self-structured tool on knowledge regarding developmental milestones was used in this study. Each mother participated in the questionnaire. In the final position, the questionnaire score was obtained and the results was evaluated using inferential and descriptive statistics. Results. A mean value of 4.94 pre-test and a mean value of 11.17 post-test were obtained for all the subjects. There was a strong correlation between the pre-test and post-test measurements (df=. 6.23). There was a difference between the pre/posttest St. Deviation of 2.37 and 1.45, with t value of 22.70. The results from the analysis shows that after the administration of the VBTP which was conducted online, there was a significant increase in the knowledge regarding DM among young mothers.
Background: In recent years, healthcare workers have become more dependent on social media platforms such as blogs, wikis, and social media sites. However, little research has been done on physicians' perspectives and experiences with social media in hospitals. Using social media to better manage health care data is becoming increasingly common. Despite the massive expansion of studies in this field, little effort has been made to look back at previous work. The purpose of the study clearly tends to examine the advantages and disadvantages of the use of social media for managing health data. Objective: The purpose of the study is to gain a summary of the existing data on the health implications of social media services. Methodology: A literature search was undertaken in PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane, Google Scholar, and Scopus for all English-language studies published since 2010 that addressed social media use in any way possible for health care and media.
Childbirth is the most decisive event in a women’s life. It is the most wonderful and joyful journey which a women experiences after childbirth. Mothers go through a lot of physiological and psychological changes after giving birth. After pains plagued the majority of the postpartum ladies. As a result, it was determined that reducing the aftereffects and hastening the uterine involution process were critical. In India, after pains are still a big problem for moms after delivery. Nurses have an important role in the prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of patients. Nursing staff should educate mothers in order to improve their quality of life. The technique was found to be quite successful in preventing maternal discomfort and uterine involution.
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