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It is known that patients with chronic hypoxia have regional changes in their cerebral blood flow (CBF). The purpose of this study was to observe the CBF and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics changes in children with cerebral palsy (CP) at baseline and after 6 months of treatment. Thirty-eight children with cerebral diplegia (mean age = 6.4 yr) and twenty-one age/sex matched controls (mean age = 7.5 yr) were evaluated by the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) scoring of motor disability and modified Ashworth scoring of spasticity. All subjects underwent pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (PCASL) and DTI, in addition to conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Significant increase in CBF values was observed in several grey and white matter regions (including areas of abnormal T2 hyperintensity in the periventricular white matter) in CP children as compared to controls based upon voxel-wise analysis. Low fractional anisotropy (FA) and high apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were observed in these areas of high CBF, using a region of interest (ROI) based analysis. On follow-up study, CBF values were found to be significantly higher in two grey matter areas and lower in three white matter regions in comparison to baseline; however no significant changes in DTI indices were observed in these regions. CBF values are high in CP children as compared to controls and show alteration following therapy even when the DTI metrics remain unchanged. Arterial spin labeling (ASL) may be added to the advanced imaging protocol for studying brain plasticity in such children in future.

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Weed as a plant growing where it is not desired. Sometimes certain weed turns out to be a great source of food or medicine. Some of the herbs used to prepare medicines are considered as weeds by agriculturists. Some of the farmers do not have any knowledge on medicinal value of weeds. A chemical analysis of weeds proves that there are many chemical compounds present, are may be useful for treatment of many diseases. Small species of Parthenium, Amaranthus, Argemone, Cynodon, Cyprus, Mimosa and Oxalis easily found in our garden and roadside, are having many medicinal values. The growing and marketing of medicinal herbs which are currently categorized as weeds could become a very good source of income to the farmers. By the help of this review, we have explored the various medicinal properties of weeds which will serve mankind and also the common people will be able to explore their knowledge regarding weeds and can also utilize them as their home remedy.

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