BACKGROUNDA large number of neoplasms and cysts may arise from multiple anatomic sites in the mediastinum and present with myriad clinical signs and symptoms. They affect people of all ages, although apparently more common in young and middle-aged adults. AIM:The present study was designed to study the location, incidence and various surgical options available for mediastinal tumours. MATERIALS AND METHODSThis retrospective study includes 24 cases of mediastinal masses admitted in Gandhi Hospital between Jan 2012 and Nov 2012. All details of the patient's pertinent clinical history was obtained from case record file in the department. RESULTSOut of 24 cases, 15 (60%) cases are between age group of 10-30 years with equal incidence in gender. Most of the lesions 18 (70%) cases were seen in anterior mediastinum region and 12 (50%) cases were treated with anterolateral thoracotomy surgical approach. Complete resection of tumours was done in 11 (46%) cases. Histopathological examination revealed benign thymomas in 6 (25%) cases as commonest tumour. CONCLUSIONAnterior mediastinal tumours are more common, which can be treated with anterolateral thoracotomy with very low morbidity and almost nil mortality with good outcomes.
BACKGROUND PDA is an abnormal persistence of a patent lumen in the foetal ductus arteriosus that usually connects the upper descending thoracic aorta with the proximal portion of the left pulmonary artery. The aim of the study is to study the clinical profile of patients with patent ductus arteriosus, role of various investigation modalities, various surgical treatment options available and overall morbidity and mortality. MATERIALS AND METHODS The retrospective study includes 60 cases of patent ductus arteriosus admitted for a period of 5 years. RESULTS The PDA is more common in females with female-to-male ratio of 2.75:1. Premature infants with PDA become symptomatic earlier as compared to full-term infants. Because of the late presentation, majority of the patients were symptomatic in the present study, and in symptomatic patients, symptoms of breathlessness of varying NYHA-class and recurrent respiratory tract infections were the commonest symptoms. Accentuated pulmonary sound, hyperactive precordium, murmur were the most signs. Chest x-ray and ECG are the important investigation in the diagnosis of PDA. Echocardiogram was the most commonly used diagnostic modality and was diagnostic in all cases. Echocardiogram does give an accurate assessment of PDA, but ultimately intraoperative assessment of PDA is the most important to decide about the surgical technique of closure. Chylothorax was seen in 3 patients. The overall mortality in the present study was 3%. CONCLUSION Surgical closure of PDA can be accomplished with low morbidity and mortality.
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