Introduction Hypertension is one global public health emergency disease, and is one of the most critical factors for chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, arrhythmias, heart failure, and renal diseases. Hypertension affects quality of life of patients, however there is limited evidence on the factors that affect health related quality of life among hypertensive patients. As a result, the purpose of this study is to look into factors that affect the health-related quality of life of adult hypertensive patients. Methods An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted in Dessie City public health facilities from March to April 2021 with the total samples size of 376 hypertensive patients. Simple random sampling technique was employed to select study participants. World health organization health related quality of life 26 items were used to measure outcome variable. Simple linear regression analysis was done and forwarded to multivariable linear regression analysis at p-value<0.2. In multivariable linear regression analysis variables whose p-value less than 0.05 at 95% confidence interval with unstandardized β-coefficient were declared as statistically significant. Results A total of 360 hypertensive patients were included in the study. The mean scores of physical, psychological, social and environmental domains were 42.93, SD (18.86), 51.78, SD (20.40), 57.31, SD (20.20) and 48.15, SD (16.26), respectively. Age, duration of antihypertensive treatment, low social support, physical inactivity, co-morbidity, being widow, khat chewing, and being single had a significant association with lower health related quality of life. Conclusion and recommendations The health-related quality of life of hypertensive patients were found low in all domains. The findings indicate the necessity for health professionals, government, non-governmental organizations and community to pay more attention to patients’ quality of life, seeking changes in the therapeutic approach in general.

Tuberculosis (TB) is major public health concern and Isoniazid Preventive Therapy (IPT) helps to prevent TB development among patients living with human immune deficiency virus (PLWHIV). However, the evidence is limited especially in the study area. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with TB among IPT users and non-IPT users of PLWHIV in Dessie, Ethiopia. A comparative cross-sectional study was employed for1 month in Dessie. A total of 326 respondents were selected using systematic random sampling. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were computed to identify factors associated with Tuberculosis. In multivariable analysis, AOR with 95% CI was used to declare statistically significant variables with TB. The prevalence of TB among non-IPT users was 48.5%, (95% CI 40.8–56.2%), and among IPT users was 8%, (95% CI 5–13%). Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis therapy (CPT) (AOR = 5.835, 95% CI 2.565–13.274), IPT (AOR = 10.359, 95% CI 4.054–26.472), ART adherence (AOR = 30.542, 95% CI 12.871–72.475), and believing that IPT use prevents TB (AOR = 0.093, 95% CI 0.018–0.484) were statistically significant factors. The prevalence of TB was higher among non-IPT users than among IPT users. Therefore, efforts should be strengthened to implement widespread use of IPT among adult PLWHIV.

Background Optimal access to ANC, such as the first ANC visit at first trimester, four or more ANC visits, and skilled health care provider can significantly reduce maternal mortality in an inclusive way. Previous studies conducted in Ethiopia on optimal ANC are restricted to frequencies of ANC visit. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the magnitude of optimal ANC access as a comprehensive way and its predictors among pregnant women in Ethiopia. Methods Secondary data source from a recent demographic and health survey was used for analysis. This study includes a weighted sample of 4771 pregnant women. A multilevel mixed-effect binary logistic regression analyses was done to identify both the individual and community level factors. Odds ratio along with the 95% confidence interval was generated to identify the predictors of optimal access to ANC. A p-value less than 0.05 was declared as statistical significant. Results In Ethiopia, one in five (20%) pregnant women had optimal access to antenatal care. Regarding the factors at individual level, pregnant women aged 25–34 years [aOR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.23–2.03] and 35–49 years [aOR = 2.04, 95% CI = 1.43–2.89], those who had educated primary [aOR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.33–2.09], secondary and higher [aOR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.15–2.85], Primipara [aOR = 2.45, 95% CI = 1.68–3.59] and multipara [aOR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.11–1.98] had higher odds of accessing optimal ANC. With the community level factors, the odds of optimal access to ANC was higher among pregnant women who lived in urban area [aOR = 2.08, 95% CI = 1.33–3.27], whereas, lower odds of optimal ANC access among those pregnant women who reported distance to the health facility as a big problem [aOR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.63–0.96]. Conclusion and recommendation The study concludes that in Ethiopia, optimal access to ANC was low. The study identified that both individual and community level factors were predictors for optimal ANC access. Therefore, the Ethiopian government should intensify extensive education on ANC in a comprehensive way. Moreover, especial attention from the Ethiopian ministry of health for those women who reported distance as a big problem and for rural resident women is mandatory.

Geographical varation and determinant of inadequate Minimum Dietary Diversity(MDD) among young children in SSA with some consequence is becoming increasingly important for geographical targeting and policy prioritization. This study is to investigate geographic variation, factors, and consequences of inadequate MDD. Data for each nation were extrapolated from recent measures of DHS. The study consist of 57,291 children. Mapping identification and mixed effect model were applied for determining inadequate MDD. The prevalence of inadequate MDD was 79·9%. Most part of Western, Eastern and Central SSA children were more suffered. Children were suffering from anaemia, wasting, and stunting as a result of inadequate MDD. Children whose aged 6—11 months, from not media-exposed mothers, and from living a long distance of health facility were more likely to suffer inadequate MDD compared to their counterparts. The most important predictors were connected to maternal characteristics. Working with mothers is a simple way to achieve tremendous change. When adequate MDD is improved, the number of children who suffer from anemia, stunting, and wasting decreases.

Objectives: To determine the coverage and associated factors of early postnatal home visits (PNHVs) by health extension workers (HEWs) among postpartum women in Gidan district, Northeast Ethiopia.Methods: A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted between 30 March and 29 April 2021 in the Gidan district, Northeast Ethiopia. A multistage sampling technique was employed to select 767 postpartum women participants. Interviewer-administered questionnaires were used to collect the data. A binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with early PNHVs by HEWs.Results: The coverage of early postnatal home visits was 15.13% [95% confidence interval (CI): 12.75, 17.87]. Women’s education, institutional delivery, time to reach health posts, and participation in pregnant women forums were significantly associated with early PNHVs by HEWs.Conclusion: In the current study, the coverage of early postnatal home visits by HEWs remains low in the study area. The concerned bodies should consider interventions that promote women’s education and institutional delivery, and more efforts should be made to improve community-based participation and links with HEWs.