A new local strain of S. cerevisiae F-514, for ethanol production during hot summer season, using Egyptian sugar cane molasses was applied in Egyptian distillery factory. The inouluum was propagated through 300 L, 3 m3, and 12 m3 fermenters charged with diluted sugar cane molasses containing 4%-5% sugars. The yeast was applied in fermentation vessels 65 m3 working volume to study the varying concentrations of urea, DAP, orthophosphoric acid (OPA), and its combinations as well as magnesium sulfate and inoculum size. The fermenter was allowed to stay for a period of 20 hours to give time for maximum conversion of sugars into ethanol. S. cerevisiae F-514 at molasses sugar level of 18% (w/v), inoculum size of 20% (v/v) cell concentration of 3.0 × 108/mL, and combinations of urea, diammonium phosphate (DAP), orthophosphoric acid (OPA), and magnesium sulfate at amounts of 20, 10, 5, and 10 kg/65 m3 working volume fermenters, respectively, supported maximum ethanol production (9.8%, v/v), fermentation efficiency (FE) 88.1%, and remaining sugars (RS) 1.22%. The fermentation resulted 13.4 g dry yeast/L contained 34.6% crude protein and 8.2% ash. By selecting higher ethanol yielding yeast strain and optimizing, the fermentation parameters both yield and economics of the fermentation process can be improved.
High-yield of fungal cellulases, endo-1,4-β-D glucanases (EC3.2.1.4), exo-1,4-β-D glucanases (EC 3.2.1.91) and β-D glucosidases (EC3.2.1.21) in addition to xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8) were produced from pretreated sugar-cane bagasse pith (SCBP) by Aspergillus oryzae FK-923cultivated under solid state fermentation. The highest enzyme activities were 120.2, 129.2, 145.8 and 688.2 Ug-1 for FPase, CMCase, β-glucosidase and xylanase, respectively. The pretreatment of sugar-cane bagasse pith with sulfuric acid was more suitable for enhancing cellulases and xylanase production. Enzymes were produced under the following conditions; the moisture content of treated bagasse pith was 80%, initial pH ranged from 4.5-5.5, 4 days of incubation at 30 °C. Urea was efficient for enzyme production followed by Ammonium phosphate di basic. The pH value (5.0) was more suitable for the enzyme extracted from fermented substrate as well as solid to solvent ratio 1:15 was the optimum for enzymes elution. Among different solvents used for enzyme extraction, 0.05 citrate buffer was most efficient. The optimum pH and temperature for enzyme activity were 5.0-5.5 and 55 ᴼ C.
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