Aim The aim of this study is to cross‐culturally translate and adapt the Cardiac Self‐Efficacy Questionnaire into Arabic and subsequently evaluate the psychometric properties of that translation in a population of Arabic patients. Method The original English version of the Cardiac Self‐Efficacy Questionnaire was translated into Arabic following a process recommended by the World Health Organization. A convenience sample consisting of 268 Jordanian patients with coronary heart disease was recruited from a university‐affiliated hospital in Amman, Jordan. Data were collected from October 2018 to March 2019. The factor structure, face and content validities, and internal consistency of the Arabic Cardiac Self‐Efficacy Questionnaire (A‐CSEQ) were evaluated. Results The factor structure analysis supported a three‐factor high‐order structure of the A‐CSEQ. Face validity showed that the language used, style, and format were clear. The content validity demonstrated a very good content validity index. The reliability was good with ranging from 0.89 to 0.93 for all questionnaire subscales. Conclusion The A‐CSEQ is a valid and reliable instrument to assess the cardiac self‐efficacy of Arabic patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease. Further assessment of the psychometric properties of the A‐CSEQ with different cardiac problems is now recommended.
Background Regular physical activity is important for patients with established coronary heart disease as it favorably influences their coronary risk profile. General self-efficacy is a powerful predictor of health behavior change that involves increases in physical activity levels. Few studies have simultaneously measured physical activity and self-efficacy during early recovery after a first acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Purpose The aims of this study were to assess changes in objectively measured physical activity levels at 2 weeks (T2) and 6 weeks (T3) and self-reported cardiac self-efficacy at hospital discharge (T1) and at T2 and T3 in patients recovering from AMI. Methods A repeated-measures design was used to recruit a purposive sample of patients from a single center in Jordan who were diagnosed with first AMI and who did not have access to cardiac rehabilitation. A body-worn activity monitor (activPAL) was used to objectively measure free-living physical activity levels for 7 consecutive days at two time points (T2 and T3). An Arabic version of the cardiac self-efficacy scale was administered at T1, T2, and T3. Paired t tests and analysis of variance were used to examine differences in physical activity levels and cardiac self-efficacy scores, respectively. Results A sample of 100 participants was recruited, of which 62% were male. The mean age of the sample was 54.5 ± 9.9 years. No statistically significant difference in physical activity levels was measured at 2 weeks (T2) and 6 weeks (T3). Cardiac self-efficacy scores improved significantly between T1, T2, and T3 across subscales and global cardiac self-efficacy. Conclusions/Implications for Practice Participants recovering from AMI in Jordan did not increase their physical activity levels during the early recovery phase, although cardiac self-efficacy scores improved. This may be because the increase in cardiac self-efficacy was not matched by the practical skills and knowledge required to translate this positive psychological construct into behavioral change. This study provides a first step toward understanding the complex relationship between cardiac self-efficacy and physical activity in this population. The authors hope that these findings support the design of culturally appropriate interventions to increase physical activity levels in this population.
Accessible summary What is known on the subject? Fibromyalgia (FM) is a syndrome of chronic widespread pain, typically associated with fatigue, sleep, cognitive dysfunction and disordered mood. FM may limit an individual's ability to participate in everyday work and social activities, thereby making it difficult to maintain normal relationships with other individuals. While it has been studied in different populations and settings, the impact of FM and associated psychological factors has not been previously studied among female war refugees. What does the paper add to existing knowledge? The study showed the high impact of FM on female refugees in Jordan; approximately three quarters of the participants had a moderate to severe FM impact. Refugees settled in Irbid city, Iraq, showed increased age, anxiety and post‐traumatic stress disorder correlated with a higher FM impact. What are the implications for practice? The study recommends evaluation of the impact of FM among all female refugees living in Jordan, along with its neighbouring countries hosting refugees. Healthcare providers, including mental health nurses, should be aware of the role of PTSD and anxiety on the impact of FM. Accordingly, healthcare workers should design appropriate mental health treatment plans to help to decrease the impact of FM. Mental health nurses should evaluate FM impact among all refugees worldwide. Nurses in Jordan are recommended to share their experience with nurses outside of Jordan as this may help with funds being obtained and the implementation of advanced psychological interventions. Abstract Introduction Fibromyalgia (FM) is a syndrome of chronic widespread pain. While it has been studied in different populations and settings, the impact of FM and its associated psychological factors has not been previously studied among female war refugees. Aim To assess the impact of FM and its associated factors in female refugees. Methods A cross‐sectional study was conducted. The impact of FM, anxiety, post‐traumatic stress (PTSD) and insomnia was investigated. Results 288 refugees previously diagnosed with FM were recruited. The results showed that 73.62% of the participants had a moderate to severe FM impact. Refugees settled in Irbid city were six times more likely to have a higher FM impact than refugees settled in Zarqa, and Iraqi refugees were more likely to have a higher impact than Syrian. Increased age, anxiety and PTSD were correlated with a greater impact. Conclusion Mental health nursing services should be directed towards female refugees, particularly those with increased age, anxiety and PTSD. Implications for practice Mental health nurses should evaluate the FM impact among all refugees worldwide. Furthermore, nurses in Jordan are recommended to share their experiences with nurses outside of Jordan, as this may help to raise funds and implement advanced psychological interventions.
This study aimed to investigate the impact of preoperative psychological factors on postoperative pain. We included 300 postoperative patients who underwent open reduction and internal fixation surgery. Pain Scale, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale were completed by patients preoperatively and at 24 hours after surgery. Clinical characteristics were obtained from medical records. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. Postoperative pain was predicted by pain catastrophizing and anxiety symptoms. High preoperative catastrophizing and anxiety levels were associated with increased pain postoperatively. However, the relationships between preoperative depressive and stress symptoms and postoperative pain were not significant.
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