Over the last decade, it has been considerable attempts to replace thermal power plants by renewable energy sources (RESs), mainly to reduce harmful gaseous emissions. Ubiquitous nature of these sources in the emerging smart grid, demands a dominated RES power system for a long-term horizon. This study proposed a model for 100% RES-based system which is tractable and flexible enough to be used for any mixture of generation unit types with any level of uncertainty needless of the correlation between their random and unpredictable behaviours. To overcome the complex nature of RESs, an efficient stochastic multiobjective mixed-integer linear programming framework is proposed. The efficacy of the proposed model is evaluated via numerical simulation.
Nowadays, grid-connected renewable energy resources have widespread applications in the electricity market. However, providing household consumers with photovoltaic (PV) systems requires bilateral interfaces to exchange energy and data. In addition, residential consumers' contribution requires guaranteed privacy and secured data exchange. Dayahead dynamic pricing is one of the incentive-based demand response methods that has substantial effects on the integration of renewable energy resources with smart grids and social welfare. Different metering mechanisms of renewable energy resources such as feed-in tariffs, net metering, and net purchase and sale are important issues in power grid operation planning. In this paper, optimal condition decomposition method is used for dayahead dynamic pricing of grid-connected residential renewable energy resources under different metering mechanisms: feed-intariffs, net metering, and net purchase and sale in conjunction with carbon emission taxes. According to the stochastic nature of consumers' load and PV system products, uncertainties are considered in a two-stage decision-making process. The results demonstrate that the net metering with the satisfaction average of 68% for consumers and 32% for the investigated electric company leads to 28% total load reduction. For the case of net purchase and sale mechanism, a satisfaction average of 15% for consumers and 85% for the electric company results in 11% total load reduction. In feed-in-tariff mechanism, in spite of increased social welfare, load reduction does not take place.
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