Our data suggest that increased S-100B protein levels in the serum might reflect neuronal damage in the brains of children with temporal lobe epilepsy. These results do confirm the previous findings of elevated S-100B protein levels in adult patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.
Guillain-Barré syndrome and acute transverse myelitis manifest as demyelinating diseases of the peripheral and central nervous system. Concurrency of these two disorders is rarely documented in literature. A 4-year-old girl presenting with cough, fever, and an impaired walking ability was admitted to hospital. She had no previous complaints in her medical history. A physical examination revealed lack of muscle strength of the lower extremities and deep tendon reflexes. MRI could not be carried out due to technical problems; therefore, both Guillain-Barré syndrome and acute transverse myelitis were considered for the diagnosis. Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment was started as first line therapy. Because this treatment did not relieve the patient's symptoms, spinal MRI was carried out on the fourth day of admission and demyelinating areas were identified. Based on the new findings, the patient was diagnosed with acute transverse myelitis, and high dose intravenous methylprednisolone therapy was started. Electromyography findings were consistent with acute polyneuropathy affecting both motor and sensory fibers. Therefore, the patient was diagnosed with concurrency of Guillain-Barré syndrome and acute transverse myelitis. Interestingly, while concurrency of these 2 disorders is rare, this association has been demonstrated in various recent publications. Progress in diagnostic tests (magnetic resonance imaging and electrophysiological examination studies) has enabled clinicians to establish the right diagnosis. The possibility of concurrent Guillain-Barré syndrome and acute transverse myelitis should be considered if recovery takes longer than anticipated.
Aphasia is a rare sign of multiple sclerosis (MS). Several different forms of aphasia have been reported in MS. We report, to our knowledge, the first case of a MS patient with crossed aphasia during an attack.
Background: Lexical meaning of leukoaraiosis is the decrease of density in white matter. Conceptually, the term leukoaraiosis does not reflect a clinical presentation but a radiological one. Proliferation of the clinical use of computed tomography (CT) scan of the head and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) helps the easy diagnosis of leukoaraiosis In this study, we aimed to investigate the frequency of leukoaraiosis in the geriatric population in our region. Methods: Retrospective study in the Harran University Medical Faculty Neurology Department between 2011 and 2013. 339 out of 379 geriatric cases treated as outpatients were taken. Results: The average age of 155 male and 224 female subjects is 68.3 ± 6.3. There was no leukoaraiosis in 57 cases. In 282 cases leukoaraiosis was observed. Those with leukoaraiosis; 74 cases (26.2%) stage 1, 52 cases (18.4%) stage 2, 54 cases (19.1%) stage 3, 45 cases (16.0%) stage 4.There was a significant correlation between age and leukoaraiosis phase. As age increased, the stage increased (p<0.0001). There was a significant correlation between cerebrovascular disease and leukoaraiosis phase (p=0.0067). Conclusıons: As a result, it is noteworthy that leukoaraiosis increases in the geriatric population. There was a significant correlation between leukoaraiosis phase with mild atrophy, severe atrophy and cerebrovascular disease.Methodology 339 out of 379 cases treated as outpatients in Harran
Global aphasia is an acquired language disorder characterized by severe impairments in all modalities of language. The specific sites of injury commonly include Wernike's and Broca's areas and result from large strokes--particularly those involving the internal carotid or middle cerebral arteries. Rarely, deep subcortical lesions may cause global aphasia. We present three cases with global aphasia due to a more rare cause: left thalamic hemorrhage. Their common feature was the large size of the hemorrhage and its extension to the third ventricule. HMPAO-SPECT in one of the cases revealed ipsilateral subcortical, frontotemporal cortical and right frontal cortical hypoperfusion. Left thalamic hemorrhage should be considered in the differential diagnosis of global aphasia.
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