INTRODUCTIONBreast cancer is the most common cancer in women in both developed and developing world. It is estimated that 508,000 women died in 2011 due to breast cancer. 1 The incidence of breast cancer is increasing in the developing world due to increase life expectancy, increase urbanization and adoption of western lifestyles. Although some risk reduction might be achieved with prevention, these strategies cannot eliminate the majority of breast ABSTRACTBackground: Breast cancer is a common health problem among females in Saudi Arabia. The disease account for 27% of all female malignancies representing 25.1% of all newly diagnosed female cancers. The objectives of the current study were to assess the level of carcinoma breast awareness of female university students, Majmaah University in Saudi Arabia and to compare the level of awareness, breast self-examination and breast cancer screening between medical and non-medical students. Methods: The current study was a cross-sectional, conducted among female students in Majmaah University in Saudi Arabia. The stratified and the systematic sampling were employed to select the colleges and the students respectively. The sample size was calculated as 325. Data was collected by a pre tested questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS. Results:The university students who acquired good knowledge were 111 (34.2%). Students who acquired average and poor knowledge were 42.2% and 23.6% respectively. Medical students who had good knowledge were 37.6% compared to 26.9% of non-medical students. The results showed that 94 (28.9%) of the participants practice breast self-examination and 25 (7.6%) performed a screening test. Conclusions:The study concluded that Majmaah University students' awareness of carcinoma breast is low. There is no significant difference in the level of awareness between students of medical colleges and those of non-medical colleges. The level of practicing breast self-examination and performing screening test for carcinoma breast among female university students is low. There is a significant difference in performing carcinoma breast screening test between medical and non-medical students.
Background: Obesity was reported to be highly prevalent in KSA. Bariatric surgery is considered as the most effective, beneficial, and permanent method for treatment of obesity and decreasing the long-term mortality Objectives: Evaluating the knowledge and beliefs about the safety and effectiveness of bariatric surgery among adult Saudi population. Methods: A questionnaire based on cross-sectional study was distributed among 790 adult Saudi population form January 2017-June 2017. The questionnaire was based on 4 aspects including subject's demographics, anthropometric measures, knowledge about obesity and its causes and beliefs about Bariatric surgery. Results: Overweight and obesity were found to be high among the studied population. The most common causes for obesity were bad life style habits and genetic factors. There was a good knowledge about obesity but low favorable beliefs about bariatric surgery as 55.7% of subjects have non-favorable beliefs about the Bariatric surgery and 44.3% have favorable beliefs about the surgery. The favorable beliefs about bariatric surgery were significantly associated with female gender and subjects having high BMI scores. Conclusion: The knowledge of subjects about obesity and its preventive measures were high but the favorable perceptions about Bariatric surgeries were low. These results indicated that efficient educational programs about obesity and Bariatric surgeries are needed for control of obesity and its complications as well as increasing the availability of weight loss surgeries.
Background: Subdural hematoma is extra-cerebral accumulation of blood between the dura matter and the subarachnoid layer. It is almost always caused by trauma or due to blood thinning therapies, and occurs due to rupture of bridging veins. Acute subdural hematoma is an emergency situation and requires prompt diagnosis using CT most of the time, and management requires surgery as well as reversal of anticoagulants. Materials and methods: We conducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed, and EMBASE, January 1985, through February 2017. The following search terms were used: subdural hematoma, emergency management of subdural hematoma, CT vs. MRI in diagnosis of subdural hematoma, treatment of subdural hematoma. Aim: In this review, we aim to study the etiology of subdural hematoma, explore how to diagnose and manage it in the emergency department Conclusion: Subdural hematoma is an important clinical presentation that needs proper and prompt surgical management and treatment. Treatment should be as less invasive as possible, with higher efficacy and lower recurrence rates. Non-surgical approaches are still being studied with no proven efficacy for them until now.
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