We present the case of a healthy 38-year-old male who developed parosmia following a second dose of AstraZeneca with a negative nasal swab of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. The patient noted parosmia that started suddenly after one week of receiving the second dose of AstraZeneca with no association with other symptoms. The patient has still not recovered from his parosmia until the publication of this article. The olfactory disorder was confirmed using a validated questionnaire for parosmia assessment and examination by rhinoscopy. Parosmia is a rare side effect of COVID-19, and its pathophysiological mechanism is still unknown. More research in the future is needed to know the association of parosmia with COVID-19 vaccine.

Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is considered one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders in adults. It is defined as a condition in which a reflux of gastric content causes symptoms and/or complications. The classical symptoms of GERD are heartburn, regurgitation, sore throat, and cough. Objectives: The aim of this study is to measure the prevalence of GERD and determine the associated risk factors among health specialist students at Umm Al-Qura University (UQU) in Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-administered survey distributed to students in health-related disciplines at UQU. The survey was disseminated via social-media platforms and 365 responses were received. The survey contained 23 different questions to assess the prevalence of GERD and ascertain if the disease is associated with multiple factors. Results: A total of 365 students participated in this study. The mean age of participants was 21.6 years, and among the 365 participants, 116 (31.8%) were diagnosed with GERD based on the gastroesophageal reflux disease questionnaire (GERDQ) score. Other findings included that 24 (52.2%) students diagnosed with GERD were smokers (P>0.05), 50 (40.0%) went to sleep one hour after dinner (P>0.05), and 52 (44.4%) had a family history of GERD (P>0.05). Discussion: Multiple studies have been conducted regarding the prevalence of GERD in Saudi Arabia. One study in Riyadh found that 23% of the sample had GERD, while another one conducted in the south of the country found 40% with GERD. Conclusion: There is an increased prevalence of GERD observed in this study. The main risk factors identified were smoking, family history of GERD, sleeping one hour after dinner, skipping breakfast, and inadequate sleep. There was no apparent association between GERD and different types of food and drinks.

BackgroundAllergic rhinitis (AR) is considered a high global disease burden; hence, the shortage of knowledge would lead to poor adherence to management and preventive measures and increase the exacerbation of AR symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors, and assess the knowledge and practices of the population regarding AR among the population in Makkah city, Saudi Arabia. MethodologyThis was an online survey cross-sectional study conducted in December 2022 via social media platforms (WhatsApp and Twitter) to collect data on participants' demographics, prevalence, risk factors, knowledge, and attitudes toward AR, using a validated Arabic version of a self-administered questionnaire. ResultsThe study involved 466 participants. Of the participants, 55.8% were aged 31 to 45 years, and 286 (61.4%) were females. The prevalence of AR among the participants was 45%. The most common symptoms were a blocked nose (79.6%), sneezing (74.2%), and a runny nose (71.5%). Furthermore, the prevalence of rhinoconjunctivitis in this study was 56%. The most common inhalant allergen was house dust (73.0%). Only the age and history of asthma or eczema were significant factors associated with AR. Overall, most of the subjects (94.85%) had adequate knowledge regarding AR. ConclusionA high prevalence of AR was observed. Understanding the factors linked with AR is imperative to ensure better adherence to preventive management plans.

A foreign body (FB) is an object or item that is foreign to the area in which it is found. FB in the airway, accompanied by the esophagus, is a common overnight emergency in pediatric otolaryngology. Here we report a case of a healthy 11-month-old girl who presented in the emergency room with stridor and a weak cry. The patient was admitted as a case of croup (laryngotracheobronchitis) and treated with multiple antibiotics for more than five days but showed no improvement, then consulted the ear, nose, and throat team (ENT).

Vision seems to be the first to recognize a potential threat, subconsciously recording and processing the image. Visual discrimination happens at a subcortical level after an environmental image is recorded in midbrain tissues. Aesthetics and beauty have been found to be decoded subconsciously in the amygdala, similar to a frightening threat. Therefore, blind patients can detect beauty by embodied primal senses other than vision. It could be processed without conscious thought, in the same way, that an immediate threat is. Here, we present a case of a 55-year-old male who has had bilateral blindness for 15 years and came to a rhinoplasty clinic seeking help for nasal obstruction and difficulty breathing due to an old history of trauma since adolescence, causing nasal deviation. He asked for both aesthetic and functional corrections. Rhinoseptoplasty was done successfully, significantly impacting the quality of life and psychosocial distress.