Patient: Female, 55Final Diagnosis: Anastomosing capillary hemangioma in the left kidenySymptoms: Left flank painMedication: —Clinical Procedure: Partial nephrectomySpecialty: Diagnostics • LaboratoryObjective:Rare diseaseBackground:Vascular tumors of the kidney are rare tumors that are usually diagnosed and confirmed by histopathological examination due to the difficulty in definitive diagnosis by clinical and radiological examination. Anastomosing hemangioma is a rare variant of capillary hemangioma that mimics angiosarcoma.Case Report:Here, we present a case of a 55-year-old female with a history of partial nephrectomy due to clear cell renal cell carcinoma three years earlier, who presented with a contralateral anastomosing capillary hemangioma. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology and immunohistochemistry studies.Conclusions:Anastomosing hemangioma is a rare variant of capillary hemangioma. It has a sinusoidal growth pattern which resembles splenic parenchyma. It mimics malignant neoplasms, thus, clinical and radiological examination are not enough for accurate diagnosis. In this paper, we discuss the most crucial differential diagnoses and the pitfalls in diagnosing this rare variant of hemangioma. Furthermore, we present a literature review of all cases reported in the English-language literature.
Background Porencephaly is an extremely rare neurological disease characterized by the presence of solitary or multiple degenerative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cavities within the brain parenchyma. Case Report We describe a case involving a 23-year-old male who presented with involuntary movements of the left upper limb of 6 months' duration. A diagnosis of porencephaly was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Conclusion The rarity of occurrence and atypical presentation of such a lesion present a challenge to clinicians. Little is known about the pathogenesis and appropriate management of porencephaly. Further studies of the implications of porencephaly for neurodevelopment and behavior are needed.
Patient: Female, 9-year-old Final Diagnosis: Central line infection • infective endocarditis • Pseudomonas luteola Symptoms: Fever Medication: — Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Infectious Diseases • Microbiology and Virology Objective: Rare disease Background: Pseudomonas luteola ( P. luteola ) is a Gram-negative, oxidase-negative bacillus. It is an environmental organism that is isolated from soil, water, and damp areas, and is rarely found as a human pathogen. Recently, it is increasingly considered as an important cause of hospital-acquired infections. Most infections in which P. luteola is implicated are associated with a breach in the immune barrier, such as indwelling catheters, prosthetic devices, immunocompromised conditions, and surgical wounds. Here, we present a rare case of infective endocarditis caused by P. luteola in a young female patient after being on a long-term peripherally inserted central venous catheter (PICC). Case Report: A 9-year-old girl known to have Crohn’s disease and recurrent urinary tract infections, on prophylactic antibiotics, presented with an acute-onset abdominal pain associated with fever reaching 40C o and vomiting. She was placed on a peripherally inserted central line for total parenteral nutrition and developed sepsis on the 30 th day of admission. Septic workup revealed P. luteola from both blood cultures and catheter tip cultures, with right atrial vegetation on echocardiogram. The diagnosis of infective endocarditis was confirmed and she was treatment with piperacillin/tazobactam for 6 weeks and had an uneventful recovery. Conclusions: P. luteola can be involved in serious infections in susceptible individuals. Serious outcomes may be associated with infective endocarditis, especially on a background of valvular prosthesis and central lines. The definitive treatment of catheter-related infective endocarditis caused by P. luteola is the removal of the lines, along with an appropriate antibiotic regimen-based antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) result.
Patient: Male, 25 Final Diagnosis: Iatrogenic ventriculitis due to Mycoplasma hominis Symptoms: — Medication: — Clinical Procedure: Extraventricular drain Specialty: Infectious Diseases Objective: Rare disease Background: Mycoplasma hominis , which rarely causes infection after neurosurgical procedures, is a small free-living organism, belonging to the genus Mycoplasma . M. hominis lacks a rigid cell wall and cannot be clearly visualized by routine light microscopy. Thus, it is challenging to diagnose infections caused by this pathogen. Here, we report a case of Mycoplasma hominis causing iatrogenic ventriculitis secondary to extraventricular drain. Case Report: A 25-year-old man who was a victim of a road traffic accident developed M. hominis ventriculitis secondary to extraventricular drain. Despite a delay in the diagnosis due to the difficulty of identifying M. hominis , the patient was successfully treated with intravenous ciprofloxacin 400 mg for 14 days. Conclusions: The findings of this case report, coupled with a thorough review of the literature, demonstrate the pathogenic potential of M. hominis . Particularly in developing countries, in which laboratories may have limited access to advanced technologies, such rare infectious diseases remain major diagnostic challenges.
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