A compact chipless RFID tag with robust readable features is presented in this paper. The tag is made up of novel concentric butterfly slot resonators. Bit data is encoded in the frequency signature of the tag. Each slot corresponds to a resonance peak representing a bit '1', whereas an absence of the peak signifies a bit '0'. Proposed resonator design demonstrates insensitivity to different polarization and incident angles of the linearly polarized impinging electromagnetic wave. The tag operates in the frequency band of 4.7-9.7 GHz, limited within the license-free ultra wide-band. Rogers RT/duroid ® 5880 substrate is used to realize a 10-bit capacity design that spans 14 × 14 mm 2 resulting in a bit density of 5.1 bits/cm 2 .
Abstract.A wear of cutting tools during machining process is unavoidable due to the presence of frictional forces during removing process of unwanted material of workpiece. It is unavoidable but can be controlled at slower rate if the cutting speed is fixed at certain point in order to achieve optimum cutting conditions. The wear of cutting tools is closely related with the thermal deformations that occurred between the frictional contact point of cutting edge of cutting tool and workpiece. This research paper is focused on determinations of relationship among cutting temperature, cutting speed, cutting forces and radial depth of cutting parameters. The cutting temperature is determined by using the Indium Arsenide (InAs) and Indium Antimonide (InSb) photocells to measure infrared radiation that are emitted from cutting tools and cutting forces is determined by using dynamometer. The high speed machining process is done by end milling the outer surface of carbon steel. The signal from the photocell is digitally visualized in the digital oscilloscope. Based on the results, the cutting temperature increased as the radial depth and cutting speed increased. The cutting forces increased when radial depth increased but decreased when cutting speed is increased. The setup for calibration and discussion of the experiment will be explained in this paper.
In this research, Milling combined Laser Sintering System (MLSS) is used to make a sintered material. MLSS is a rapid tooling system using a fine metallic powder integrated with machining process whereby it can do laser sintering of fine metallic powder and also high-speed milling. This paper deals with the investigation of sintered material machinability by measuring its specific cutting energy and tool flank temperature. Carbon steel (JIS S55C) is selected as a standard steel. The effects of cutting conditions, laser consolidation energy density, powder consolidation mechanisms and unsintered powder on its machinability are measured. It is demonstrated that tool flank temperatures for all sintered materials are higher than JIS S55C. Low energy density for consolidation of metal powder increases the machinability of sintered materials. Cutting at the partially molten powder decreases the machinability of sintered material. Cutting with the existence of unsintered metallic powder surrounding the sintered material diminishes its machinability.
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