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Improvement of the medical textile industry has received more attention recently, especially with widespread of microbial and viral infections. Medical textiles with new properties, such as bacterial pathogens self-cleaning, have been explored with nanotechnology. In this study, an endophytic actinomycetes strain of Streptomyces laurentii R-1 was isolated from the roots of the medicinal plant Achillea fragrantissima. This is used as a catalyst for the mediated biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) for applications in the textile industry. The biosynthesized Ag-NPs were characterized using UV-vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD), which confirmed the successful formation of crystalline, spherical metal nanoparticles. The biosynthesized Ag-NPs exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. Our data elucidated that the biosynthesized Ag-NPs had a highly cytotoxic effect against the cancerous caco-2 cell line. The selected safe dose of Ag-NPs for loading on cotton fabrics was 100 ppm, regarding their antibacterial activity and safe cytotoxic efficacy. Interestingly, scanning electron microscope connected with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) of loaded cotton fabrics demonstrated the smooth distribution of Ag-NPs on treated fabrics. The obtained results highlighted the broad-spectrum activity of nano-finished fabrics against pathogenic bacteria, even after 5 and 10 washing cycles. This study contributes a suitable guide for the performance of green synthesized NPs for utilization in different biotechnological sectors.

The biosynthesis of nanoparticles by microorganisms especially endophytic species isolated from medicinal plant are the prime concern of researchers. In the present study, a novel, non-toxic, eco-friendly copper nanoparticles was biosynthesized by endophytic actinomycetes isolate Ca-1 and optimization processes have been endeavored. The endophytic actinomycete Streptomyces capillispiralis Ca-1, was isolated from healthy medicinal plant (Convolvulus arvensis) (L.) collected from Bahariya Oasis-Giza Governorate e Egypt. The isolate was identified by morphological, cultural and molecular identification techniques. The biosynthesis of CuNPs is confirmed by gradual change of biomass filtrate color from light blue into greenish brown color and characterized by an observation of a characteristic absorption peak by UV-Vis spectroscopy at 600 nm. Also, a spherical-monodispersed shaped CuNPs with particle size of 3.6 e59 nm were observed by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). In addition, X-ray diffraction (XRD) exhibited pattern peaks corresponding to 110, 111, 200, 220, 311 and 222 planes, respectively that assigned to face centered cubic forms of metallic copper (JCPDS 04e0836). While FTIR results confirmed the occurrence of bioactive functional groups that are responsible for formation of CuNPs. Moreover, the biosynthesized CuNPs showed various biomedical applications against infectious microorganisms, biocontrol of phytopathogenic fungi and health nasty insects that represent the hopeful uses of copper nanoparticles to be applied as a unique approach to manage these healths threatening problems.

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