Fournier's gangrene is still a severe disease. Today, hyperbaric oxygen treatment is very effective in the treatment of this disease.

The laparoscopic approach to ventral and incisional hernias is safe, feasible, and a good alternative to the open approach. Our results are comparable with those of other reports in the literature.

Laparoscopic repair of Morgagni hernia is a safe, simple, and reliable procedure which presents all the advantages of the minimally invasive surgery.

Hyperbaric oxygen and glucan improve healing in ischemic colon anastomoses by anti-microbic,immune stimulating properties and seem to act synergistically when combined together.

ELISpot on BAL appears to be a more rapid and sensitive supplementary test than on blood for the diagnosis of active TB patients with a negative sputum smear in a developing country setting with high TB prevalence and access to bronchoscopy and ELISpot assay. However, the test's utility was limited by its moderate specificity.

Metal ions are required as active components of several proteins, including pancreatic enzymes, and they can play important roles in the etiopathogenesis of acute pancreatitis. In the present study, we measured the concentrations of zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) in both serum and pancreatic tissue, as markers of trace element status in an experimental acute pancreatitis model. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: the experimental group (N=24) and the control group (N=10). Acute pancreatitis was induced by injection of 48% ethyl alcohol into the common biliary duct. The animals were sacrificed 24 h later to detect the concentrations of Zn and Cu. There was no significant difference in tissue Zn and Cu concentrations between control and experimental groups (p<0.05). However, in the acute pancreatitis group, serum Zn and Culevels were very significantly lower (p<0.001 and p<0.0001, respectively). In conclusuion, these findings suggested that altered mineral metabolism in serum and pancreatic tissue may have contributed to the pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis.

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