A case of a renal transplant recipient who developed pancreatitis during stibogluconate treatment for visceral leishmaniasis and who was successfully treated with a combination of allopurinol and ketoconazole is reported. The features of this case are compared with those of the three previously reported cases of pancreatitis during stibogluconate treatment. Complete cure was achieved during the follow-up period of 15 months. If stibogluconate is used for treatment of renal transplant recipients, we advise extreme caution with close observation and combination therapy to be considered instead.

Alopecia areata (AA) is relatively common and can have a significant impact on quality of life, especially in a pediatric population. Currently available treatments are often ineffective or have poor safety profiles. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of the Th1 pathway in the pathogenesis of AA, suggesting ustekinumab as a treatment modality for this disease. We present three pediatric AA patients who demonstrated hair regrowth after initiating ustekinumab.

Background: Knowledge plays a vital role in influencing the behavior and practices of individuals. Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem. Our objective is to identify the extent of awareness about TB among King Saud University students, and to compare knowledge about tuberculosis amongst different University tracks. Methods: This study was conducted using a crosssectional approach including 530 students in three different academic tracks: Health, Scientific, and Humanitarian tracks. For data collection, a structured questionnaire was developed through revision of the literature which contained three different parts; demographic data of subjects, knowledge about TB and attitude toward TB. Results: The established scoring system revealed a poor grade of knowledge at 51.4%. Tuberculosis knowledge was significantly higher amongst the track of Health colleges (46.7% compared with 27.2% for the track of Science and 26% for the track of Humanitarian studies). However, some of the issues were answered fittingly in higher magnitude by the two other non-health tracks; there was no significant difference in gender-specific awareness level (48% for both). Conclusion: Although the Health track has better knowledge in general (46.7%), the level of awareness of Tuberculosis is poor among King Saud University students. Moreover, the level of awareness differs among the three tracks, which are health, humanitarian, and science. The health track showed the highest level of awareness.

BACKGROUND Facial reticular veins can be treated with laser therapy, sclerotherapy, or surgical removal. The use of a 1,064 nm neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser has been reported to be successful in the treatment of facial reticular veins. OBJECTIVE To report a large retrospective study examining the efficacy, side effects, and satisfaction of a dynamically cooled, variable spot-sized 1,064 nm Nd:YAG laser for the treatment of facial reticular veins in the periorbital and temporal area. PATIENTS AND METHODS Contact was made with 100 patients from 2006 to 2019 who underwent treatment with a 1,064 nm Nd:YAG laser for facial reticular veins through office follow-up or telephone interviews. Percent resolution of veins, satisfaction, and adverse effects were evaluated. RESULTS Eighty-nine of the 100 patients ranked their satisfaction with the treatment as 3 or very satisfied. Most patients reported 75% to 100% improvement. The most commonly reported adverse event seen after treatment was mild edema. Sixty-eight percent of patients reported no adverse effects at all. CONCLUSION The dynamically cooled, variable spot-sized 1,064 nm Nd:YAG laser is a safe and effective treatment for facial reticular veins with minimal side effects. The results are usually immediate and, based on the long-term follow-up, tend to be long lasting.

Grant P30 CA008748. The funder had no role in the design and conduct of the study: collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication.IRB approval status: IRB retrospective review waived.

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