ABSTRACT. This investigation concerns human teeth and bones from the site of Natfieh, north Jordan. Nitrogen and carbon isotope analyses were used to model the paleo-economy by reconstructing Natfieh's paleodiet during a specific time period. 14 C dating of human teeth and bones from the site of Natfieh, north Jordan, demonstrate that they belong to the Early Roman period and match the archaeological date from the tomb and grave goods typology. Stable isotope analyses of these humans have provided new information about the subsistence and society of individuals buried at Natfieh. Natfieh is today agriculturally productive and must have been so in antiquity with most of the foodstuffs having been produced locally. The long distance between Natfieh and the closest aquatic food source (Mediterranean Sea and Lake Tiberias) and the high cost of land transportation might be the reason for the low consumption of marine protein. The results agree with past research on the Roman diet showing that plants were the common source of food for the Romans and fish may have been restricted to elite members of the society.
This study aims at estimating the physical carrying capacity at Petra and offering alternatives to the current situation, which negatively affects the physical and ecological environments of the site. The study utilized data from the Ministry of Tourism, the Central Bank of Jordan,
and Jordan Tourism Board for the years 1999 to 2005. The carrying capacity was estimated based on specific formulas after Boullon. The results show that the calculated carrying capacity (16,200 visitors per month) exceeds the acceptable limits except in January. It is also visible that the
number of monthly visitors is about the calculated carrying capacity during the season of Arab tourism in Jordan, which is the largest market segment. The study recommends controlling the seasonality of tourism in Petra, using the Siq as an entry point with a single direction flow for tourists,
and adopting a promotional policy that ensures the balanced distribution of tourists around the year.
The Byzantine period in Jordan represents a dramatic change in landscape from the Roman period that preceded it. In this case study the author shows how a sixth century Byzantine church was surrounded by three cemeteries which reflected and maintained the social ranks of the congregation and their different roles in agricultural production.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.